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@ARTICLE{Kim:884856,
      author       = {Kim, Sun-Woo and Kim, Hyun-Jung and Cheon, Sangmo and Kim,
                      Tae-Hwan},
      title        = {{T}wo-dimensional chiral stacking orders in
                      quasi-one-dimensional charge density waves},
      journal      = {Physical review / B},
      volume       = {102},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {2469-9950},
      address      = {Woodbury, NY},
      publisher    = {Inst.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-03293},
      pages        = {121408},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Chirality manifests in various forms in nature. However,
                      there is no evidence of the chirality in one-dimensional
                      charge density wave (CDW) systems. Here, we have explored
                      the chirality among quasi-one-dimensional CDW ground states
                      with the aid of scanning tunneling microscopy, symmetry
                      analysis, and density functional theory calculations. We
                      discovered three distinct chiralities emerging in the form
                      of two-dimensional chiral stacking orders composed of
                      degenerate CDW ground states: right-, left-, and nonchiral
                      stacking orders. Such chiral stacking orders correspond to
                      newly introduced chiral winding numbers. Furthermore, we
                      observed that these chiral stacking orders are intertwined
                      with chiral vortices and chiral domain walls, which play a
                      crucial role in engineering the chiral stacking orders. Our
                      findings suggest that the unexpected chiral stacking orders
                      can open a way to investigate the chirality in CDW systems,
                      which can lead to diverse phenomena such as circular
                      dichroism depending on chirality.},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1 / JARA-FIT / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {142 - Controlling Spin-Based Phenomena (POF3-142) / 143 -
                      Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-142 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000573183400002},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.102.121408},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884856},
}