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000008851 084__ $$2WoS$$aMeteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
000008851 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aOrdonez, C.$$b0
000008851 245__ $$aGlobal model simulations of air pollution during the 2003 European heat wave
000008851 260__ $$aKatlenburg-Lindau$$bEGU$$c2010
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000008851 440_0 $$09601$$aAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics$$v10$$x1680-7316$$y2
000008851 500__ $$aGEMS was funded by the European Commission under the EU Sixth Research Framework Programme, contract number SIP4-CT-2004-516099. The authors acknowledge the strong support of the European Commission, Airbus and airlines - Lufthansa, Air France, Austrian and former Sabena - to the MOZAIC program. We also thank the EMEP and GAW programs for the careful work done in obtaining the surface data used in this study. We are indebted to the initiator and coordinator of the GEMS project, Anthony Hollingsworth, who sadly passed away on 29 July 2007.
000008851 520__ $$aThree global Chemistry Transport Models - MOZART, MOCAGE, and TM5 - as well as MOZART coupled to the IFS meteorological model including assimilation of ozone (O-3) and carbon monoxide (CO) satellite column retrievals, have been compared to surface measurements and MOZAIC vertical profiles in the troposphere over Western/Central Europe for summer 2003. The models reproduce the meteorological features and enhancement of pollution during the period 2-14 August, but not fully the ozone and CO mixing ratios measured during that episode. Modified normalised mean biases are around -25% (except similar to 5% for MOCAGE) in the case of ozone and from -80% to -30% for CO in the boundary layer above Frankfurt. The coupling and assimilation of CO columns from MOPITT overcomes some of the deficiencies in the treatment of transport, chemistry and emissions in MOZART, reducing the negative biases to around 20%. The high reactivity and small dry deposition velocities in MOCAGE seem to be responsible for the overestimation of O-3 in this model. Results from sensitivity simulations indicate that an increase of the horizontal resolution to around 1 degrees x1 degrees and potential uncertainties in European anthropogenic emissions or in long-range transport of pollution cannot completely account for the underestimation of CO and O-3 found for most models. A process-oriented TM5 sensitivity simulation where soil wetness was reduced results in a decrease in dry deposition fluxes and a subsequent ozone increase larger than the ozone changes due to the previous sensitivity runs. However this latest simulation still underestimates ozone during the heat wave and overestimates it outside that period. Most probably, a combination of the mentioned factors together with underrepresented biogenic emissions in the models, uncertainties in the modelling of vertical/horizontal transport processes in the proximity of the boundary layer as well as limitations of the chemistry schemes are responsible for the underestimation of ozone (overestimation in the case of MOCAGE) and CO found in the models during this extreme pollution event.
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000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aElguindi, N.$$b1
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000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHuijnen, V.$$b3
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFlemming, J.$$b4
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aInness, A.$$b5
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFlentje, H.$$b6
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKatragkou, E.$$b7
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMoinat, P.$$b8
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPeuch, V.-H.$$b9
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSegers, A.$$b10
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB4226$$aThouret, V.$$b11$$uFZJ
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000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$avan Weele, M.$$b13
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aZerefos, C.S.$$b14
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCammas, J.-P.$$b15
000008851 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)6952$$aSchultz, M. G.$$b16$$uFZJ
000008851 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2069847-1$$gVol. 10, p. 789 - 815$$p789 - 815$$q10<789 - 815$$tAtmospheric chemistry and physics$$v10$$x1680-7316$$y2010
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