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@ARTICLE{Vutukuri:885391,
      author       = {Vutukuri, Hanumantha Rao and Hoore, Masoud and
                      Abaurrea-Velasco, Clara and van Buren, Lennard and Dutto,
                      Alessandro and Auth, Thorsten and Fedosov, Dmitry A. and
                      Gompper, Gerhard and Vermant, Jan},
      title        = {{A}ctive particles induce large shape deformations in giant
                      lipid vesicles},
      journal      = {Nature},
      volume       = {586},
      number       = {7827},
      issn         = {1476-4687},
      address      = {London [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publ. Group78092},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-03788},
      pages        = {52 - 56},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Biological cells generate intricate structures by sculpting
                      their membrane from within to actively sense and respond to
                      external stimuli or to explore their environment1,2,3,4.
                      Several pathogenic bacteria also provide examples of how
                      localized forces strongly deform cell membranes from inside,
                      leading to the invasion of neighbouring healthy mammalian
                      cells5. Giant unilamellar vesicles have been successfully
                      used as a minimal model system with which to mimic
                      biological cells6,7,8,9,10,11, but the realization of a
                      minimal system with localized active internal forces that
                      can strongly deform lipid membranes from within and lead to
                      dramatic shape changes remains challenging. Here we present
                      a combined experimental and simulation study that
                      demonstrates how self-propelled particles enclosed in giant
                      unilamellar vesicles can induce a plethora of
                      non-equilibrium shapes and active membrane fluctuations.
                      Using confocal microscopy, in the experiments we explore the
                      membrane response to local forces exerted by self-phoretic
                      Janus microswimmers. To quantify dynamic membrane changes,
                      we perform Langevin dynamics simulations of active Brownian
                      particles enclosed in thin membrane shells modelled by
                      dynamically triangulated surfaces. The most pronounced shape
                      changes are observed at low and moderate particle loadings,
                      with the formation of tether-like protrusions and highly
                      branched, dendritic structures, whereas at high volume
                      fractions globally deformed vesicle shapes are observed. The
                      resulting state diagram predicts the conditions under which
                      local internal forces generate various membrane shapes. A
                      controlled realization of such distorted vesicle
                      morphologies could improve the design of artificial systems
                      such as small-scale soft robots and synthetic cells.},
      cin          = {IBI-5 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-5-20200312 / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {552 - Engineering Cell Function (POF3-552) / Hydrodynamics
                      of Active Biological Systems $(jiff26_20190501)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-552 / $G:(DE-Juel1)jiff26_20190501$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32999485},
      UT           = {WOS:000574283500009},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41586-020-2730-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/885391},
}