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@ARTICLE{Tatsuno:885757,
      author       = {Tatsuno, Masami and Malek, Soroush and Kalvi, LeAnna and
                      Ponce-Alvarez, Adrian and Ali, Karim and Euston, David R.
                      and Grün, Sonja and McNaughton, Bruce L.},
      title        = {{M}emory reactivation in rat medial prefrontal cortex
                      occurs in a subtype of cortical {UP} state during slow-wave
                      sleep},
      journal      = {Philosophical transactions / B},
      volume       = {375},
      number       = {1799},
      issn         = {1471-2970},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04069},
      pages        = {20190227 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Interaction between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs)
                      and UP states, possibly by coordinated reactivation of
                      memory traces, is conjectured to play an important role in
                      memory consolidation. Recently, it was reported that SWRs
                      were differentiated into multiple subtypes. However, whether
                      cortical UP states can also be classified into subtypes is
                      not known. Here, we analysed neural ensemble activity from
                      the medial prefrontal cortex from rats trained to run a
                      spatial sequence-memory task. Application of the hidden
                      Markov model (HMM) with three states to epochs of UP–DOWN
                      oscillations identified DOWN states and two subtypes of UP
                      state (UP-1 and UP-2). The two UP subtypes were
                      distinguished by differences in duration, with UP-1 having a
                      longer duration than UP-2, as well as differences in the
                      speed of population vector (PV) decorrelation, with UP-1
                      decorrelating more slowly than UP-2. Reactivation of recent
                      memory sequences predominantly occurred in UP-2.
                      Short-duration reactivating UP states were dominated by UP-2
                      whereas long-duration ones exhibit transitions from UP-1 to
                      UP-2. Thus, recent memory reactivation, if it occurred
                      within long-duration UP states, typically was preceded by a
                      period of slow PV evolution not related to recent
                      experience, and which we speculate may be related to
                      previously encoded information. If that is the case, then
                      the transition from UP-1 to UP-2 subtypes may help gradual
                      integration of recent experience with pre-existing cortical
                      memories by interleaving the two in the same UP state.},
      cin          = {INM-6},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406},
      pnm          = {571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32248781},
      UT           = {WOS:000523698100007},
      doi          = {10.1098/rstb.2019.0227},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/885757},
}