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@ARTICLE{Kpper:885761,
      author       = {Küpper, Mira and Seyfried, Armin},
      title        = {{A}nalysis of {S}pace {U}sage on {T}rain {S}tation
                      {P}latforms {B}ased on {T}rajectory {D}ata},
      journal      = {Sustainability},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {2071-1050},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04070},
      pages        = {8325 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Functionality of railway platforms could be assessed by
                      Level of Service concepts. They describe interactions
                      between humans and the built environment and allow to rate
                      risks due to overcrowding. To improve existing concepts, a
                      detailed analysis of how pedestrians use the space is
                      performed and new measurement and evaluation methods are
                      introduced. Trajectories of passengers at platforms in Bern
                      and Zurich Hardbrücke (Switzerland) are analysed. Boarding
                      and alighting passengers show different behaviour,
                      considering the travel paths, waiting times and mean speed.
                      Density, speed and flow profiles are exploit and a new
                      measure for the occupation of space is introduced. The
                      Analysis has shown, that it is necessary to filter the data
                      in order to reach a realistic assessment of the Level of
                      Service. Three main factors should be considered: the time
                      of day, the times when trains arrive and depart and the
                      platform side. Therefore, density, speed and flow profiles
                      are averaged over the time of one minute and calculated
                      depending on the train arrival. The methodology developed in
                      this article is the basis for enhanced and more specific
                      Level of Service concepts and offers the possibility to
                      optimise planning of transportation infrastructures with
                      regard to functionality and sustainability.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000583123600001},
      doi          = {10.3390/su12208325},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/885761},
}