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@ARTICLE{Wang:885801,
      author       = {Wang, Jihuan and Bogena, Heye R. and Vereecken, Harry and
                      Brüggemann, Nicolas},
      title        = {{S}table-{I}sotope-{A}ided {I}nvestigation of the {E}ffect
                      of {R}edox {P}otential on {N}itrous {O}xide {E}missions as
                      {A}ffected by {W}ater {S}tatus and {N} {F}ertilization},
      journal      = {Water},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {2073-4441},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04098},
      pages        = {2918 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Soils are the dominant source of atmospheric nitrous oxide
                      (N2O), especially agricultural soils that experience both
                      waterlogging and intensive nitrogen fertilization. However,
                      soil heterogeneity and the irregular occurrence of
                      hydrological events hamper the prediction of the temporal
                      and spatial dynamics of N2O production and transport in
                      soils. Because soil moisture influences soil redox
                      potential, and as soil N cycling processes are
                      redox-sensitive, redox potential measurements could help us
                      to better understand and predict soil N cycling and N2O
                      emissions. Despite its importance, only a few studies have
                      investigated the control of redox potential on N2Oemission
                      from soils in detail. This study aimed to partition the
                      different microbial processes involved in N2O production
                      (nitrification and denitrification) by using redox
                      measurements combined with isotope analysis at natural
                      abundance and 15N-enriched. To this end, we performed
                      long-term laboratory lysimeter experiments to mimic common
                      agricultural irrigation and fertilization procedures. In
                      addition, we used isotope analysis to characterize the
                      distribution and partitioning of N2O sources and explored
                      the 15N-N2O site preference to further constrain N2O
                      microbial processes. We found that irrigation, saturation,
                      and drainage induced changes in soil redox potential, which
                      were closely related to changes in N2O emission from the
                      soil as well as to changes in the vertical concentration
                      profiles of dissolved N2O, nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium
                      (NH4+). The results showed that the redox potential could be
                      used as an indicator for NH4+, NO3−, and N2O production
                      and consumption processes along the soil profile. For
                      example, after a longer saturation period of unfertilized
                      soil, the NO3− concentration was linearly correlated with
                      the average redox values at the different depths (R2 =
                      0.81). During the transition from saturation to drainage,
                      but before fertilization, the soil showed an increase in N2O
                      emissions, which originated mainly from nitrification as
                      indicated by the isotopic signatures of N2O (δ15N bulk,
                      δ18O and 15N-N2O site preference). After fertilization, N2O
                      still mainly originated from nitrification at the beginning,
                      also indicated by high redox potential and the increase of
                      dissolved NO3−. Denitrification mainly occurred during the
                      last saturation period, deduced from the simultaneous 15N
                      isotope analysis of NO3− and N2O. Our findings suggest
                      that redox potential measurements provide suitable
                      information for improving the prediction of soil N2O
                      emissions and the distribution of mineral N species along
                      the soil profile under different hydrological and
                      fertilization regimes.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000582891300001},
      doi          = {10.3390/w12102918},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/885801},
}