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@ARTICLE{Knief:887701,
      author       = {Knief, Claudia and Bol, Roland and Amelung, Wulf and Kusch,
                      Stephanie and Frindte, Katharina and Eckmeier, Eileen and
                      Jaeschke, Andrea and Dunai, Tibor and Fuentes, Barbara and
                      Mörchen, Ramona and Schütte, Tanja and Lücke, Andreas and
                      Klumpp, Erwin and Kaiser, Klaus and Rethemeyer, Janet},
      title        = {{T}racing elevational changes in microbial life and organic
                      carbon sources in soils of the {A}tacama {D}esert},
      journal      = {Global and planetary change},
      volume       = {184},
      issn         = {0921-8181},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04358},
      pages        = {103078 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {The Atacama Desert frequently serves as model system for
                      tracing life under extremely dry conditions. We hypothesized
                      that traces of life in the Atacama Desert follow distinct
                      micro- and macro-scale gradients such as soil depth and
                      elevation, respectively. Different depth intervals of
                      surface soils (0–1, 1–5, and 5–10 cm) were sampled
                      at five sites along an elevational transect near the
                      Quebrada Aroma, spanning from the hyperarid core of the
                      desert towards the arid Western Andean Precordillera (1300
                      to 2700 m a.s.l.), and from one additional site in the
                      hyperarid core near Yungay. We determined the contents of
                      major elements, pedogenic minerals and oxides, organic
                      carbon (OC), and its δ13C and δ15N isotopic composition.
                      The presence of living microorganisms was assessed by
                      cultivation, and bacterial community composition was
                      analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additional
                      information about past and present plant and microbial life
                      was obtained from lipid biomarker analysis. We did not
                      detect consistent micro-scale distributions for most of
                      these proxies within the soils. However, concentrations of
                      OC and of long-chain, plant wax-derived n-alkanes increased
                      in soils along the aridity gradient towards the wetter
                      sites, indicating the presence of past life at places
                      presently not covered by vegetation. Likewise, bacterial
                      abundance and diversity decreased as hyperaridity increased
                      and the microbial community composition changed along the
                      transect, becoming enriched in Actinobacteria. The
                      distributional patterns of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs)
                      confirmed the larger bacterial diversity at the higher, more
                      humid sites compared to the drier ones. Archaeal isoprenoid
                      glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) and
                      bacterial branched (br)GDGTs, which can also indicate past
                      life, did not follow a clear elevational trend and were
                      absent at the driest site. Taken together, plant-derived and
                      microbiological markers follow primarily the macro-scaled
                      elevation and aridity gradient. Viable bacteria are present
                      even at the driest sites, while detected biomolecules also
                      indicate past life. The detection of past plant life in
                      nowadays apparently lifeless regions suggests that
                      conditions for life were less hostile in former times.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000508491500030},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103078},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/887701},
}