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@ARTICLE{KgelKnabner:887801,
      author       = {Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid and Amelung, Wulf},
      title        = {{S}oil organic matter in major pedogenic soil groups},
      journal      = {Geoderma},
      volume       = {384},
      issn         = {0016-7061},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04431},
      pages        = {114785 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation is different in
                      certain soil groups with differences in parent material,
                      degree of weathering and mineral composition. These
                      differences are modulated by climatic factors, but also by
                      pedogenesis, in particular by the formation of reactive
                      mineral surfaces, by soil aggregation, as well as by
                      translocation processes such as eluviation and illuviation
                      and different types of turbation. However, there is still a
                      lack of conceptualization of how such processes and thus
                      important Reference Soil Groups influence the composition
                      and properties of OM. Here we summarize the basic processes
                      of OM storage as they differ from soil group to soil group,
                      in order to present a first overview of the processes of OM
                      formation in the different terrestrial soils of the world.
                      We distinguish between soils of different climatic zones,
                      i.e. Cryosols in permafrost regions, soils of limited
                      development (Cambisols), Podzols, Phaeozems, Chernozems,
                      Kastanozems, and Luvisols in temperate climate zones, as
                      well as Acrisols, Ferralsols, Plinthosols and Nitisols in
                      the subtropics and tropics. We also include soils derived
                      from a specific parent material (Andosols, Vertisols), as
                      well as Anthrosols (paddy soils, Terra Preta, plaggen soils)
                      as examples for human-made SOM accumulations. The
                      compilation of the literature shows that research on OM is
                      clearly focused on specific Reference Soil Groups in
                      temperate climate zones and some man-made soils, while other
                      soils such as Nitisols and Acrisols are clearly
                      underrepresented. The contribution of the different soil
                      groups to global organic carbon (OC) stocks varies, with
                      large amounts of OC found for the first metre in Cryosols,
                      Cambisols, and Podzols, due to the large land area they
                      cover, followed by Acrisols and Ferralsols. In part, these
                      differences can be attributed to differences in the
                      formation of SOM, which we ascribe to three main mechanisms.
                      We emphasize that in all major Reference Soil Groups, both
                      the mechanism of sorptive conservation as well as the
                      protection within the aggregates contribute to the storage
                      of OM. However, the reactant partners and aggregate forming
                      agents and therewith the intensity of these stabilisation
                      processes vary among the Reference Soil Groups. As a result,
                      there are differences in the SOM composition in the topsoil.
                      Within the entire soil profile, however, pedogenic processes
                      lead as third mechanism to soil-group-specific accrual of
                      SOM in the subsoil, e.g. by means of illuviation, by
                      cryo-/bio-, and peloturbation, as well as by management. We
                      conclude that the specific pedogenic environment must be
                      considered in the assessment of global SOM storage
                      potentials and thus also in future global C models.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {910},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000594244300003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114785},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/887801},
}