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@ARTICLE{Behfar:887959,
      author       = {Behfar, Qumars and Behfar, Stefan Kambiz and von Reutern,
                      Boris and Richter, Nils and Dronse, Julian and Fassbender,
                      Ronja and Fink, Gereon R. and Onur, Oezguer A.},
      title        = {{G}raph {T}heory {A}nalysis {R}eveals {R}esting-{S}tate
                      {C}ompensatory {M}echanisms in {H}ealthy {A}ging and
                      {P}rodromal {A}lzheimer’s {D}isease},
      journal      = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {1663-4365},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04545},
      pages        = {576627},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Several theories of cognitive compensation have been
                      suggested to explain sustained cognitive abilities in
                      healthy brain aging and early neurodegenerative processes.
                      The growing number of studies investigating various aspects
                      of task-based compensation in these conditions is contrasted
                      by the shortage of data about resting-state compensatory
                      mechanisms. Using our proposed criterion-based framework for
                      compensation, we investigated 45 participants in three
                      groups: (i) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
                      and positive biomarkers indicative of Alzheimer’s disease
                      (AD); (ii) cognitively normal young adults; (iii)
                      cognitively normal older adults. To increase reliability,
                      three sessions of resting-state functional magnetic
                      resonance imaging for each participant were performed on
                      different days (135 scans in total). To elucidate the
                      dimensions and dynamics of resting-state compensatory
                      mechanisms, we used graph theory analysis along with
                      volumetric analysis. Graph theory analysis was applied based
                      on the Brainnetome atlas, which provides a
                      connectivity-based parcellation framework. Comprehensive
                      neuropsychological examinations including the Rey Auditory
                      Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Trail Making Test (TMT)
                      were performed, to relate graph measures of compensatory
                      nodes to cognition. To avoid false-positive findings,
                      results were corrected for multiple comparisons. First, we
                      observed an increase of degree centrality in cognition
                      related brain regions of the middle frontal gyrus,
                      precentral gyrus and superior parietal lobe despite local
                      atrophy in MCI and healthy aging, indicating a resting-state
                      connectivity increase with positive biomarkers. When
                      relating the degree centrality measures to cognitive
                      performance, we observed that greater connectivity led to
                      better RAVLT and TMT scores in MCI and, hence, might
                      constitute a compensatory mechanism. The detection and
                      improved understanding of the compensatory dynamics in
                      healthy aging and prodromal AD is mandatory for implementing
                      and tailoring preventive interventions aiming at preserved
                      overall cognitive functioning and delayed clinical onset of
                      dementia.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33192468},
      UT           = {WOS:000585389400001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fnagi.2020.576627},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/887959},
}