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@ARTICLE{deSantis:888343,
      author       = {de Santis, Augusta and Vitiello, Giuseppe and Appavou,
                      Marie-Sousai and Scoppola, Ernesto and Fragneto, Giovanna
                      and Barnsley, Lester C. and Clifton, Luke A. and Ottaviani,
                      Maria Francesca and Paduano, Luigi and Russo Krauss, Irene
                      and D’Errico, Gerardino},
      title        = {{N}ot just a fluidifying effect: omega-3 phospholipids
                      induce formation of non-lamellar structures in biomembranes},
      journal      = {Soft matter},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {46},
      issn         = {1744-6848},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Soc. of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-04861},
      pages        = {10425-10438},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid
                      (DHA) is found in very high concentrations in a few peculiar
                      tissues, suggesting that it must have a specialized role.
                      DHA was proposed to affect the function of the cell membrane
                      and related proteins through an indirect mechanism of
                      action, based on the DHA-phospholipid effects on the lipid
                      bilayer structure. In this respect, most studies have
                      focused on its influence on lipid-rafts, somehow neglecting
                      the analysis of effects on liquid disordered phases that
                      constitute most of the cell membranes, by reporting in these
                      cases only a general fluidifying effect. In this study, by
                      combining neutron reflectivity, cryo-transmission electron
                      microscopy, small angle neutron scattering, dynamic light
                      scattering and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy,
                      we characterize liquid disordered bilayers formed by the
                      naturally abundant
                      1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and
                      different contents of a di-DHA glycero-phosphocholine,
                      22:6-22:6PC, from both a molecular/microscopic and
                      supramolecular/mesoscopic viewpoint. We show that, below a
                      threshold concentration of about $40\%$ molar percent,
                      incorporation of 22:6-22:6PC in the membrane increases the
                      lipid dynamics slightly but sufficiently to promote the
                      membrane deformation and increase of multilamellarity.
                      Notably, beyond this threshold, 22:6-22:6PC disfavours the
                      formation of lamellar phases, leading to a phase separation
                      consisting mostly of small spherical particles that coexist
                      with a minority portion of a lipid blob with water-filled
                      cavities. Concurrently, from a molecular viewpoint, the
                      polyunsaturated acyl chains tend to fold and expose the
                      termini to the aqueous medium. We propose that this peculiar
                      tendency is a key feature of the DHA-phospholipids making
                      them able to modulate the local morphology of biomembranes.},
      cin          = {JCNS-FRM-II / JCNS-1 / MLZ},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-588b)4597118-3},
      pnm          = {6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (POF3-623)
                      / 6G15 - FRM II / MLZ (POF3-6G15)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G4 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G15},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS1-20140101 / EXP:(DE-MLZ)TEM-MLZ-20151210},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33165495},
      UT           = {WOS:000596710100004},
      doi          = {10.1039/D0SM01549K},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888343},
}