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@ARTICLE{Bernhard:888756,
      author       = {Bernhard, Germar H. and Fioletov, Vitali E. and Grooß,
                      Jens‐Uwe and Ialongo, Iolanda and Johnsen, Bjørn and
                      Lakkala, Kaisa and Manney, Gloria L. and Müller, Rolf and
                      Svendby, Tove},
      title        = {{R}ecord‐{B}reaking {I}ncreases in {A}rctic {S}olar
                      {U}ltraviolet {R}adiation {C}aused by {E}xceptionally
                      {L}arge {O}zone {D}epletion in 2020},
      journal      = {Geophysical research letters},
      volume       = {47},
      number       = {24},
      issn         = {1944-8007},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-05185},
      pages        = {e2020GL090844},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) performed
                      between January and June 2020 at 10 Arctic and subarctic
                      locations are compared with historical observations.
                      Differences between 2020 and prior years are also assessed
                      with total ozone column and UVR data from satellites.
                      Erythemal (sunburning) UVR is quantified with the UV Index
                      (UVI) derived from these measurements. UVI data show
                      unprecedently large anomalies, occurring mostly between
                      early March and mid‐April 2020. For several days, UVIs
                      observed in 2020 exceeded measurements of previous years by
                      up to $140\%.$ Historical means were surpassed by more than
                      six standard deviations at several locations in the Arctic.
                      In northern Canada, the average UVI for March was about
                      $75\%$ larger than usual. UVIs in April 2020 were elevated
                      on average by about $25\%$ at all sites. However, absolute
                      anomalies remained below 3.0 UVI units because the
                      enhancements occurred during times when the solar elevation
                      was still low.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000603666000004},
      doi          = {10.1029/2020GL090844},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888756},
}