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@ARTICLE{Bre:888780,
      author       = {Brée, Luisa C. and Bulan, Andreas and Herding, Robert and
                      Kuhlmann, Jonas and Mitsos, Alexander and Perrey, Karen and
                      Roh, Kosan},
      title        = {{T}echno-{E}conomic {C}omparison of {F}lexibility {O}ptions
                      in {C}hlorine {P}roduction},
      journal      = {Industrial $\&$ engineering chemistry},
      volume       = {59},
      number       = {26},
      issn         = {1520-5045},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.75198},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-05209},
      pages        = {12186 - 12196},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {In order to allow demand side management in the chlorine
                      industry, we suggest seven modifications to the conventional
                      chlor-alkali process. The modifications include the
                      oversizing of electrolyzer cells, replacement of electrodes,
                      and integration with flexible auxiliary units. We optimize
                      the operation of the processes for four scenarios with
                      different electricity price profiles and hydrogen prices. We
                      then rank the processes in a merit order of three economic
                      metrics including investment costs, operating costs, and
                      payout time. While reasonable payout times are achieved with
                      many of the flexible processes, the best option with the
                      shortest payout time highly depends on the prices of
                      hydrogen and electricity. The results indicate that flexible
                      chlor-alkali processes without auxiliary units outperform
                      steady-state chlor-alkali processes with flexible auxiliary
                      units. In particular, the combination of two electrodes or
                      the implementation of a bifunctional electrode for
                      operational mode switching seems to be the best compromise.},
      cin          = {IEK-10},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-10-20170217},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF3-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000547326800028},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01775},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888780},
}