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@ARTICLE{Fang:888941,
      author       = {Fang, Qingping and de Haart, Ute and Schäfer, Dominik and
                      Thaler, Florian and Rangel-Hernández, Victor and Peters,
                      Roland and Blum, Ludger},
      title        = {{D}egradation {A}nalysis of an {SOFC} {S}hort {S}tack
                      subject to 10,000 {H}ours of {O}peration},
      journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
      volume       = {167},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {1945-7111},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-05340},
      pages        = {144508 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {A four-layer solid oxide fuel cell stack consisting of
                      standard anode-supported cells was assembled to investigate
                      long-term stability, but at higher current densities and/or
                      fuel utilization compared to previous investigations. The
                      stack was operated within a furnace temperature range of 700
                      °C–750 °C with hydrogen fuel at a current density of up
                      to 1 Acenterdotcm−2 and fuel utilization of up to $80\%$
                      for more than 10,000 h. The average voltage degradation rate
                      was approximately $0.6\%kh−1.$ Increases in the ohmic
                      resistance and anode polarization dominated the degradation
                      behavior. An increase in the current density and fuel
                      utilization under current testing conditions did not
                      fundamentally influence the degradation rate. However, the
                      possible modification in the nickel structure by local
                      higher fuel utilization may have had a long-term impact on
                      the lifetime of the stack. The complexity of the degradation
                      analysis of stacks resulting from an inhomogeneous contact
                      inside the stack was analyzed with the support of impedance
                      measurements and a post-mortem analysis.},
      cin          = {IEK-14},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / SOFC - Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
                      (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 / G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000594744100001},
      doi          = {10.1149/1945-7111/abc843},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888941},
}