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000888986 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPalchetti, L.$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000888986 245__ $$aFORUM: Unique Far-Infrared Satellite Observations to Better Understand How Earth Radiates Energy to Space244
000888986 260__ $$aBoston, Mass.$$bASM$$c2020
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000888986 520__ $$aThe outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) emitted to space is a fundamental component of the Earth’s energy budget. There are numerous, entangled physical processes that contribute to OLR and that are responsible for driving, and responding to, climate change. Spectrally resolved observations can disentangle these processes, but technical limitations have precluded accurate space-based spectral measurements covering the far infrared (FIR) from 100 to 667 cm−1 (wavelengths between 15 and 100 µm). The Earth’s FIR spectrum is thus essentially unmeasured even though at least half of the OLR arises from this spectral range. The region is strongly influenced by upper-tropospheric–lower-stratospheric water vapor, temperature lapse rate, ice cloud distribution, and microphysics, all critical parameters in the climate system that are highly variable and still poorly observed and understood. To cover this uncharted territory in Earth observations, the Far-Infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) mission has recently been selected as ESA’s ninth Earth Explorer mission for launch in 2026. The primary goal of FORUM is to measure, with high absolute accuracy, the FIR component of the spectrally resolved OLR for the first time with high spectral resolution and radiometric accuracy. The mission will provide a benchmark dataset of global observations which will significantly enhance our understanding of key forcing and feedback processes of the Earth’s atmosphere to enable more stringent evaluation of climate models. This paper describes the motivation for the mission, highlighting the scientific advances that are expected from the new measurements.
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000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBrindley, H.$$b1
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBantges, R.$$b2
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBuehler, S. A.$$b3
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCamy-Peyret, C.$$b4
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCarli, B.$$b5
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCortesi, U.$$b6
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDel Bianco, S.$$b7
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDi Natale, G.$$b8
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDinelli, B. M.$$b9
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFeldman, D.$$b10
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)176702$$aHuang, X. L.$$b11
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aC.-Labonnote, L.$$b12
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLibois, Q.$$b13
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMaestri, T.$$b14
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMlynczak, M. G.$$b15
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMurray, J. E.$$b16
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aOetjen, H.$$b17
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRidolfi, M.$$b18
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000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRussell, J.$$b20
000888986 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSaunders, R.$$b21
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000888986 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2029396-3$$a10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0322.1$$gVol. 101, no. 12, p. E2030 - E2046$$n12$$pE2030 - E2046$$tBulletin of the American Meteorological Society$$v101$$x1520-0477$$y2020
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