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@ARTICLE{Palchetti:888986,
      author       = {Palchetti, L. and Brindley, H. and Bantges, R. and Buehler,
                      S. A. and Camy-Peyret, C. and Carli, B. and Cortesi, U. and
                      Del Bianco, S. and Di Natale, G. and Dinelli, B. M. and
                      Feldman, D. and Huang, X. L. and C.-Labonnote, L. and
                      Libois, Q. and Maestri, T. and Mlynczak, M. G. and Murray,
                      J. E. and Oetjen, H. and Ridolfi, M. and Riese, M. and
                      Russell, J. and Saunders, R. and Serio, C.},
      title        = {{FORUM}: {U}nique {F}ar-{I}nfrared {S}atellite
                      {O}bservations to {B}etter {U}nderstand {H}ow {E}arth
                      {R}adiates {E}nergy to {S}pace244},
      journal      = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
      volume       = {101},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {1520-0477},
      address      = {Boston, Mass.},
      publisher    = {ASM},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-05373},
      pages        = {E2030 - E2046},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {The outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) emitted to space is a
                      fundamental component of the Earth’s energy budget. There
                      are numerous, entangled physical processes that contribute
                      to OLR and that are responsible for driving, and responding
                      to, climate change. Spectrally resolved observations can
                      disentangle these processes, but technical limitations have
                      precluded accurate space-based spectral measurements
                      covering the far infrared (FIR) from 100 to 667 cm−1
                      (wavelengths between 15 and 100 µm). The Earth’s FIR
                      spectrum is thus essentially unmeasured even though at least
                      half of the OLR arises from this spectral range. The region
                      is strongly influenced by
                      upper-tropospheric–lower-stratospheric water vapor,
                      temperature lapse rate, ice cloud distribution, and
                      microphysics, all critical parameters in the climate system
                      that are highly variable and still poorly observed and
                      understood. To cover this uncharted territory in Earth
                      observations, the Far-Infrared Outgoing Radiation
                      Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) mission has recently
                      been selected as ESA’s ninth Earth Explorer mission for
                      launch in 2026. The primary goal of FORUM is to measure,
                      with high absolute accuracy, the FIR component of the
                      spectrally resolved OLR for the first time with high
                      spectral resolution and radiometric accuracy. The mission
                      will provide a benchmark dataset of global observations
                      which will significantly enhance our understanding of key
                      forcing and feedback processes of the Earth’s atmosphere
                      to enable more stringent evaluation of climate models. This
                      paper describes the motivation for the mission, highlighting
                      the scientific advances that are expected from the new
                      measurements.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000627585400001},
      doi          = {10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0322.1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/888986},
}