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@ARTICLE{Sprangers:889061,
      author       = {Sprangers, Katrien and Thys, Sofie and van Dusschoten,
                      Dagmar and Beemster, Gerrit T. S.},
      title        = {{G}ibberellin {E}nhances the {A}nisotropy of {C}ell
                      {E}xpansion in the {G}rowth {Z}one of the {M}aize {L}eaf},
      journal      = {Frontiers in plant science},
      volume       = {11},
      issn         = {1664-462X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00004},
      pages        = {1163},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Although plant organ shapes are defined by spatio-temporal
                      variations of directional tissue expansion, this is a little
                      characterized aspect of organ growth regulation. Although it
                      is well known that the plant hormone gibberellin increases
                      the leaf length/with ratio, its effects on cell expansion in
                      the growing leaf are largely unknown. To understand how
                      variations in rate and anisotropy of growth establish the
                      typical monocotelydonous leaf shape, we studied the leaf
                      growth zone of maize (Zea mays) with a kinematic analysis of
                      cell expansion in the three directions of growth:
                      proximo-distal, medio-lateral, and dorso-ventral. To
                      determine the effect of gibberellin, we compared a
                      gibberellin-deficient dwarf3 mutant and the overproducing
                      UBI::GA20OX-1 line with their wild types. We found that, as
                      expected, longitudinal growth was dominant throughout the
                      growth zone. The highest degree of anisotropy occurred in
                      the division zone, where relative growth rates in width and
                      thickness were almost zero. Growth anisotropy was smaller in
                      the elongation zone, due to higher lateral and dorso-ventral
                      growth rates. Growth in all directions stopped at the same
                      position. Gibberellin increased the size of the growth zone
                      and the degree of growth anisotropy by stimulating
                      longitudinal growth rates. Inversely, the duration of
                      expansion was negatively affected, so that mature cell
                      length was unaffected, while width and height of cells were
                      reduced. Our study provides a detailed insight in the
                      dynamics of growth anisotropy in the maize leaf and
                      demonstrates that gibberellin specifically stimulates
                      longitudinal growth rates throughout the growth zone.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582) / 590 - Technology,
                      Innovation and Society (POF3-500)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-590},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {32849718},
      UT           = {WOS:000563477600001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fpls.2020.01163},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/889061},
}