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@ARTICLE{Schlembach:889748,
      author       = {Schlembach, Ivan and Hosseinpour Tehrani, Hamed and Blank,
                      Lars M. and Büchs, Jochen and Wierckx, Nick and Regestein,
                      Lars and Rosenbaum, Miriam A.},
      title        = {{C}onsolidated bioprocessing of cellulose to itaconic acid
                      by a co-culture of {T}richoderma reesei and {U}stilago
                      maydis},
      journal      = {Biotechnology for biofuels},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1754-6834},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {BioMed Central},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00362},
      pages        = {207},
      year         = {2020},
      note         = {Biotechnologie 1},
      abstract     = {BackgroundItaconic acid is a bio-derived platform chemical
                      with uses ranging from polymer synthesis to biofuel
                      production. The efficient conversion of cellulosic waste
                      streams into itaconic acid could thus enable the sustainable
                      production of a variety of substitutes for fossil oil based
                      products. However, the realization of such a process is
                      currently hindered by an expensive conversion of cellulose
                      into fermentable sugars. Here, we present the stepwise
                      development of a fully consolidated bioprocess (CBP), which
                      is capable of directly converting recalcitrant cellulose
                      into itaconic acid without the need for separate cellulose
                      hydrolysis including the application of commercial
                      cellulases. The process is based on a synthetic microbial
                      consortium of the cellulase producer Trichoderma reesei and
                      the itaconic acid producing yeast Ustilago maydis. A method
                      for process monitoring was developed to estimate cellulose
                      consumption, itaconic acid formation as well as the actual
                      itaconic acid production yield online during
                      co-cultivation.ResultsThe efficiency of the process was
                      compared to a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
                      setup (SSF). Because of the additional substrate consumption
                      of T. reesei in the CBP, the itaconic acid yield was
                      significantly lower in the CBP than in the SSF. In order to
                      increase yield and productivity of itaconic acid in the CBP,
                      the population dynamics was manipulated by varying the
                      inoculation delay between T. reesei and U. maydis.
                      Surprisingly, neither inoculation delay nor inoculation
                      density significantly affected the population development or
                      the CBP performance. Instead, the substrate availability was
                      the most important parameter. U. maydis was only able to
                      grow and to produce itaconic acid when the cellulose
                      concentration and thus, the sugar supply rate, was high.
                      Finally, the metabolic processes during fed-batch CBP were
                      analyzed in depth by online respiration measurements.
                      Thereby, substrate availability was again identified as key
                      factor also controlling itaconic acid yield. In summary, an
                      itaconic acid titer of 34 g/L with a total productivity of
                      up to 0.07 g/L/h and a yield of 0.16 g/g could be reached
                      during fed-batch cultivation.ConclusionThis study
                      demonstrates the feasibility of consortium-based CBP for
                      itaconic acid production and also lays the fundamentals for
                      the development and improvement of similar microbial
                      consortia for cellulose-based organic acid production.},
      cin          = {IBG-1},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-1-20101118},
      pnm          = {581 - Biotechnology (POF3-581)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-581},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33317635},
      UT           = {WOS:000599799200001},
      doi          = {10.1186/s13068-020-01835-4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/889748},
}