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@ARTICLE{Panchenko:890006,
      author       = {Panchenko, Olha and Carmo, Marcelo and Rasinski, Marcin and
                      Arlt, Tobias and Manke, Ingo and Müller, Martin and
                      Lehnert, Werner},
      title        = {{N}on-destructive in-operando investigation of catalyst
                      layer degradation for water electrolyzers using synchrotron
                      radiography},
      journal      = {Materials today},
      volume       = {16},
      issn         = {2468-6069},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Ltd.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00600},
      pages        = {100394 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Unveiling degradation mechanisms is a difficult task
                      encountered when characterizing materials and components for
                      water electrolyzers, where for stationary applications these
                      cells are expected to run for 50.000 h or more. From a
                      $R\&D$ perspective, this incredibly long time-dependence
                      makes the assessment of degradation mechanisms almost
                      impracticable. Therefore, novel and advanced methodologies
                      need to be demonstrated, aiding scientists to more quickly
                      identify and effectively tackle the different stressors that
                      lead to degradation. Here we show a novel approach where
                      in-operando synchrotron radiography was used to access
                      real-time electrode degradation. A real catalyst-coated
                      membrane was assembled and tested under real water splitting
                      conditions, where iridium catalyst detachment could be
                      observed and semi-empirically quantified. For the
                      first-time, we have also demonstrated a way to visualize and
                      identify where bubble formation inside the catalyst-coated
                      membrane occurs, and how it can trigger electrode
                      degradation. This study shall open new avenues to quickly
                      and properly unveil degradation mechanisms, methods that
                      could also be used for other electrochemical devices such as
                      batteries, fuel cells and solar water splitting
                      technologies.},
      cin          = {IEK-14},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000539083500034},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100394},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890006},
}