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@ARTICLE{Lin:890046,
      author       = {Lin, Rui and Tang, Shenghao and Diao, Xiaoyu and Zhong, Di
                      and Chen, Liang and Froning, Dieter and Hao, Zhixian},
      title        = {{D}etailed optimization of multiwall carbon nanotubes doped
                      microporous layer in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
                      for enhanced performance},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {274},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00640},
      pages        = {115214 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is a promising
                      renewable energy technology. In order to further enhance the
                      output performance improvement caused by the doping of
                      multiwall carbon nanotubes in microporous layers, in this
                      study, detailed optimization of microporous layers
                      containing multiwall carbon nanotubes is accomplished. The
                      synergy effects of carbon powder types, contents and
                      diameters of multiwall carbon nanotubes, and microporous
                      layer loadings are considered for the first time. The
                      optimal composition under different humidity is obtained. It
                      is found that among the four factors, carbon powder types
                      have the greatest impact on the performance. The fuel cells
                      containing thick multiwall carbon nanotubes exhibit more
                      stable performance with the change of humidity. Microporous
                      layers with large content of multiwall carbon nanotubes (15
                      $wt\%)$ promise better performance. The performance of
                      microporous layer with the carbon powder of XC-72 is the
                      worst due to inferior mass transfer and increased ohm
                      resistance. The fuel cell with the optimized microporous
                      layer exhibits excellent performance, under the temperature
                      of 80 °C and 0.8 bar back pressure, the current density at
                      0.6 V is up to 1900 mA/cm2, and the max power density
                      reaches 1180 mW/cm2. The significant improvement of
                      performance can be attributed to favorable porous structure
                      along with enhanced mass transfer and improved
                      conductivity.},
      cin          = {IEK-14},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000545317600002},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115214},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890046},
}