% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Brambilla:890116,
      author       = {Brambilla, Cláudia Régio and Scheins, Jürgen and Issa,
                      Ahlam and Tellmann, Lutz and Herzog, Hans and Rota Kops,
                      Elena and Shah, N. Jon and Neuner, Irene and Lerche,
                      Christoph W.},
      title        = {{B}ias evaluation and reduction in 3{D} {OP}-{OSEM}
                      reconstruction in dynamic equilibrium {PET} studies with
                      11{C}-labeled for binding potential analysis},
      journal      = {PLOS ONE},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {San Francisco, California, US},
      publisher    = {PLOS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00705},
      pages        = {e0245580 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Iterative image reconstruction is widely used in positron
                      emission tomography. However, it is known to contribute to
                      quantitation bias and is particularly pronounced during
                      dynamic studies with 11C-labeled radiotracers where count
                      rates become low towards the end of the acquisition. As the
                      strength of the quantitation bias depends on the counts in
                      the reconstructed frame, it can differ from frame to frame
                      of the acquisition. This is especially relevant in the case
                      of neuro-receptor studies with simultaneous PET/MR when a
                      bolus-infusion protocol is applied to allow the comparison
                      of pre- and post-task effects. Here, count dependent changes
                      in quantitation bias may interfere with task changes. We
                      evaluated the impact of different framing schemes on
                      quantitation bias and its propagation into binding potential
                      (BP) using a phantom decay study with 11C and 3D OP-OSEM.
                      Further, we propose a framing scheme that keeps the true
                      counts per frame constant over the acquisition time as
                      constant framing schemes and conventional increasing framing
                      schemes are unlikely to achieve stable bias values during
                      the acquisition time range. For a constant framing scheme
                      with 5 minutes frames, the BP bias was $7.13±2.01\%$
                      $(10.8\%$ to $3.8\%)$ compared to $5.63±2.85\%$ $(7.8\%$ to
                      $4.0\%)$ for conventional increasing framing schemes. Using
                      the proposed constant true counts framing scheme, a
                      stabilization of the BP bias was achieved at $2.56±3.92\%$
                      $(3.5\%$ to $1.7\%).$ The change in BP bias was further
                      studied by evaluating the linear slope during the
                      acquisition time interval. The lowest slope values were
                      observed in the constant true counts framing scheme. The
                      constant true counts framing scheme was effective for BP
                      bias stabilization at relevant activity and time ranges. The
                      mean BP bias under these conditions was $2.56±3.92\%,$
                      which represents the lower limit for the detection of
                      changes in BP during equilibrium and is especially important
                      in the case of cognitive tasks where the expected changes
                      are low.},
      cin          = {INM-4 / INM-11 / JARA-BRAIN},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-11-20170113 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)VDB1046},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33481896},
      UT           = {WOS:000612929300161},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0245580},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890116},
}