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@ARTICLE{Klein:890368,
      author       = {Klein, Felix and Litnovsky, Andrey and Tan, Xiaoyue and
                      Gonzalez-Julian, Jesus and Rasinski, Marcin and Linsmeier,
                      Christian and Bram, Martin and Coenen, Jan Willem},
      title        = {{S}mart alloys as armor material for {DEMO}: {O}verview of
                      properties and joining to structural materials},
      journal      = {Fusion engineering and design},
      volume       = {166},
      issn         = {0920-3796},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-00913},
      pages        = {112272 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Tungsten test is currently the baseline first-wall armor
                      material for a future DEMOnstration power plant. Smart
                      alloys, containing tungsten (W), 11.4 weight (wt) $\%$
                      chromium (Cr), and $0.6 wt\%$ yttrium (Y), aim at
                      achieving passive safety in case of air ingress into the
                      vacuum vessel and a loss-of-coolant accident causing a
                      temperature rise above 1200 K for weeks. In such a case,
                      smart alloys suppress oxidation and sublimation of
                      radioactive W.This publication summarizes several important
                      properties of smart alloys: the suppression of oxidation,
                      the hardness as a function of the microstructure, and
                      potential carbide formation in the presence of carbon (C)
                      impurities. Further, first results on joining them to the
                      EUROFER by field-assisted sintering technology (FAST)
                      without interface layer are presented. In literature, FAST
                      is also known as spark plasma sintering (SPS). A stable
                      joint with an tungsten–iron (W–Fe) diffusion layer of
                      100 nm at the interface was achieved. The joint survived
                      several heat cycles to 873 K.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000640896300002},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112272},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890368},
}