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@ARTICLE{Beuel:890557,
      author       = {Beuel, Sebastian and Hartnagel, Paula and Kirchartz,
                      Thomas},
      title        = {{T}he {I}nfluence of {P}hoto‐{I}nduced {S}pace {C}harge
                      and {E}nergetic {D}isorder on the {I}ndoor and {O}utdoor
                      {P}erformance of {O}rganic {S}olar {C}ells},
      journal      = {Advanced theory and simulations},
      volume       = {4},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2513-0390},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01039},
      pages        = {2000319},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Apart from traditional large‐scale outdoor application,
                      organic solar cells are also of interest for powering small,
                      off‐grid electronic devices indoors. For operation under
                      the low light intensities that are typical for indoor
                      application, a high shunt resistance is required calling for
                      thick active layers in industrial processing to ensure
                      maximum coverage. However, the thickness of an organic solar
                      cell based on energetically disordered semiconductors is
                      limited by space‐charge effects from charged shallow
                      defects under nonuniform generation. While other sources of
                      space charge such as doping and asymmetric transport have
                      been extensively discussed in previous studies, this work
                      offers a theoretical analysis of this photo‐induced space
                      charge in shallow defects and visualizes how the space
                      charge builds up with increasing light intensity with
                      drift‐diffusion simulations. It is shown that the effect
                      particularly deteriorates the performance of an organic
                      solar cell with high active‐layer thickness and
                      substantial energetic disorder. However, the simulations
                      reveal that solar cells are less sensitive to these
                      parameters under low light intensities due to a reduced
                      density of photo‐induced space charge. Therefore, a wider
                      range of material systems and absorber thicknesses can be
                      viable for indoor applications than one may initially expect
                      from testing under 1 sun illumination.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {121 - Photovoltaik und Windenergie (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000617239100001},
      doi          = {10.1002/adts.202000319},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890557},
}