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@ARTICLE{Authen:890772,
      author       = {Authen, Thea Lyseid and Wilden, Andreas and Schneider,
                      Dimitri and Kreft, Fabian and Modolo, Giuseppe and Foreman,
                      Mark R. StJ and Ekberg, Christian},
      title        = {{B}atch flowsheet test for a {GANEX}-type process: the
                      {CHALMEX} {FS}-13 process},
      journal      = {Solvent extraction and ion exchange},
      volume       = {40},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1532-2262},
      address      = {Philadelphia, PA},
      publisher    = {Taylor $\&$ Francis},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01188},
      pages        = {189-202},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {The Chalmers grouped actinide extraction (CHALMEX) process
                      isfocused on the co-separation of actinides from all other
                      elementsin spent nuclear fuel solution, with the ultimate
                      purposeof transmuting the actinides into shorter-lived and
                      less radiotoxicelements. Based on solvent extraction
                      equilibrium distributiondata of actinides and fission
                      products, a preliminaryflowsheet was developed and tested in
                      batch mode. The flowsheetconsists of one extraction step
                      with the CHALMEX FS-13solvent (25 mM CyMe4-BTBP in $30\%$
                      v/v TBP and $70\%$ v/v FS-13),using hydrophilic masking
                      agents (20 mM bimet and 0.2 Mmannitol) in the aqueous phase
                      for the complexation of troublesomefission products. Two
                      nitric acid scrub steps (0.5 MHNO3) were efficient in
                      removing co-extracted acid, all molybdenumand the majority
                      of silver. Two stripping stages (0.5 Mglycolic acid at pH 4)
                      were efficient in recovery of the actinidesfrom the organic
                      phase. The need for a solvent clean-up stagefor the removal
                      of nickel, cadmium, iron and the remainingsilver from the
                      organic phase was demonstrated. Based on thedistribution
                      data, it was calculated that a $99.9\%$ recovery ofamericium
                      is possible using only 3 ideal extraction stages, 3ideal
                      scrubbing stages and 2 ideal stripping stages.},
      cin          = {IEK-6},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-6-20101013},
      pnm          = {141 - Nukleare Entsorgung (POF4-141) / GENIORS - GEN IV
                      Integrated Oxide fuels recycling strategies (755171)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-141 / G:(EU-Grant)755171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000621302600001},
      doi          = {10.1080/07366299.2021.1890372},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890772},
}