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@ARTICLE{Breuer:890921,
      author       = {Breuer, Janos and Samsun, Remzi Can and Stolten, Detlef and
                      Peters, Ralf},
      title        = {{H}ow to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and air
                      pollution caused by light and heavy duty vehicles with
                      battery-electric, fuel cell-electric and catenary trucks},
      journal      = {Environment international},
      volume       = {152},
      issn         = {0160-4120},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01246},
      pages        = {106474 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the
                      greatest global challenges through 2050. Besides greenhouse
                      gas emissions, air pollution, such as nitrogen oxide and
                      particulate matter emissions, has gained increasing
                      attention in agglomerated areas with transport vehicles
                      being one of the main sources thereof. Alternative fuels
                      that fulfill the greenhouse gas reduction goals also offer
                      the possibility of solving the challenge of rising urban
                      pollution. This work focuses on the electric drive option
                      for heavy and light duty vehicle freight transport. In this
                      study, fuel cell-electric vehicles, battery-electric
                      vehicles and overhead catenary line trucks were
                      investigated, taking a closer look at their potential to
                      reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution and also
                      considering the investment and operating costs of the
                      required infrastructure. This work was conducted using a
                      bottom-up transport model for the federal state of North
                      Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. Two scenarios for reducing
                      these emissions were analyzed at a spatial level. In the
                      first of these, selected federal highways with the highest
                      traffic volume were equipped with overhead catenary lines
                      for the operation of diesel-hybrid overhead trucks on them.
                      For the second spatial scenario, the representative urban
                      area of the city of Cologne was investigated in terms of air
                      pollution, shifting articulated trucks to diesel-hybrid
                      overhead trucks and rigid trucks, trailer trucks and light
                      duty vehicles to battery-electric or fuel cell-electric
                      drives. For the economic analysis, the building up of a
                      hydrogen infrastructure in the cases of articulated trucks
                      and all heavy duty vehicles were also taken into account.
                      The results showed that diesel-hybrid overhead trucks are
                      only a cost-efficient solution for highways with high
                      traffic volume, whereas battery overhead trucks have a high
                      uncertainty in terms of costs and technical feasibility. In
                      general, the broad range of costs for battery overhead
                      trucks makes them competitive with fuel cell-electric
                      trucks. Articulated trucks have the highest potential to be
                      operated as overhead trucks. However, the results indicated
                      that air pollution is only partially reduced by switching
                      conventional articulated trucks to electric drive models.
                      The overall results show that a comprehensive approach such
                      as fuel cell-electric drives for all trucks would most
                      likely be more beneficial.},
      cin          = {IEK-14 / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / 134 - Electrolysis and
                      Hydrogen (POF3-134) / 1232 - Power-based Fuels and Chemicals
                      (POF4-123) / 1111 - Effective System Transformation Pathways
                      (POF4-111) / 1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation
                      Pathways (POF4-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1232 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1111 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33711760},
      UT           = {WOS:000641419900009},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.envint.2021.106474},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890921},
}