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@ARTICLE{Neuwirth:890988,
      author       = {Neuwirth, Burkhard and Rabbel, Inken and Bendix, Jörg and
                      Bogena, Heye and Thies, Boris},
      title        = {{T}he {E}uropean {H}eat {W}ave 2018: {T}he
                      {D}endroecological {R}esponse of {O}ak and {S}pruce in
                      {W}estern {G}ermany},
      journal      = {Forests},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1999-4907},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01298},
      pages        = {283 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The European heat wave of 2018 was characterized by
                      extraordinarily dry and hot spring and summer conditions in
                      many central and northern European countries. The average
                      temperatures from June to August 2018 were the second
                      highest since 1881. Accordingly, many plants, especially
                      trees, were pushed to their physiological limits. However,
                      while the drought and heat response of field crops and
                      younger trees have been well investigated in laboratory
                      experiments, little is known regarding the drought and heat
                      response of mature forest trees. In this study, we compared
                      the response of a coniferous and a deciduous tree species,
                      located in western and central–western Germany, to the
                      extreme environmental conditions during the European heat
                      wave of 2018. Combining classic dendroecological techniques
                      (tree–ring analysis) with measurements of the
                      intra–annual stem expansion (dendrometers) and tree water
                      uptake (sap flow sensors), we found contrasting responses of
                      spruce and oak trees. While spruce trees developed a narrow
                      tree ring in 2018 combined with decreasing correlations of
                      daily sap flow and dendrometer parameters to the climatic
                      parameters, oak trees developed a ring with above–average
                      tree–ring width combined with increasing correlations
                      between the daily climatic parameters and the parameters
                      derived from sap flow and the dendrometer sensors. In
                      conclusion, spruce trees reacted to the 2018 heat wave with
                      the early completion of their growth activities, whereas
                      oaks appeared to intensify their activities based on the
                      water content in their tree stems.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {217 - Für eine nachhaltige Bio-Ökonomie – von
                      Ressourcen zu Produkten (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-217},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000633652000001},
      doi          = {10.3390/f12030283},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/890988},
}