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@ARTICLE{Alia:891062,
      author       = {Alia, Ahmed and Maree, Mohammed and Chraibi, Mohcine},
      title        = {{O}n the exploitation of {GPS}-based data for real-time
                      visualisation of pedestrian dynamics in open environments},
      journal      = {Behaviour $\&$ information technology},
      volume       = {41},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1362-3001},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Taylor $\&$ Francis},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01345},
      pages        = {1709-1723},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Over the past few years, real-time visualisation of
                      pedestrian dynamics has become more crucial to successfully
                      organise and monitor open-crowded events. However, the
                      process of collecting, efficiently handling and visualising
                      a large volume of pedestrians' dynamic data in real time is
                      challenging. This challenge becomes even more pronounced
                      when pedestrians move in large-size, high-density, open and
                      complex environments. In this article, we propose an
                      efficient and accurate approach to acquire, process and
                      visualise pedestrians' dynamic behaviour in real time. Our
                      goal in this context is to produce GPS-based heat maps that
                      assist event organisers as well as visitors in dynamically
                      finding crowded spots using their smartphone devices. To
                      validate our proposal, we have developed a prototype system
                      for experimentally evaluating the quality of the proposed
                      solution using real-world and simulation-based experimental
                      datasets. The first phase of experiments was conducted in an
                      open area with 37,000 square meters in Palestine. In the
                      second phase, we have carried out a simulation for 5000
                      pedestrians to quantify the level of efficiency of the
                      proposed system. We have utilised PHP scripting language to
                      generate a larger-scale sample of randomly moving
                      pedestrians across the same open area. A comparison with two
                      well-known Web-based spatial data visualisation systems was
                      conducted in the third phase. Findings indicate that the
                      proposed approach},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {150},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000628046700001},
      doi          = {10.1080/0144929X.2021.1896781},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891062},
}