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@ARTICLE{Boltes:891131,
      author       = {Boltes, Maik and Adrian, Juliane and Raytarowski,
                      Anna-Katharina},
      title        = {{A} {H}ybrid {T}racking {S}ystem of {F}ull-{B}ody {M}otion
                      {I}nside {C}rowds},
      journal      = {Sensors},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1424-8220},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01383},
      pages        = {2108},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {For our understanding of the dynamics inside crowds,
                      reliable empirical data are needed, which could enable
                      increases in safety and comfort for pedestrians and the
                      design of models reflecting the real dynamics. A
                      well-calibrated camera system can extract absolute head
                      position with high accuracy. The inclusion of inertial
                      sensors or even self-contained full-body motion capturing
                      systems allows the relative tracking of invisible people or
                      body parts or capturing the locomotion of the whole body
                      even in dense crowds. The newly introduced hybrid system
                      maps the trajectory of the top of the head coming from a
                      full-body motion tracking system to the head trajectory of a
                      camera system in global space. The fused data enable the
                      analysis of possible correlations of all observables. In
                      this paper we present an experiment of people passing though
                      a bottleneck and show by example the influences of
                      bottleneck width and motivation on the overall movement,
                      velocity, stepping locomotion and rotation of the pelvis.
                      The hybrid tracking system opens up new possibilities for
                      analyzing pedestrian dynamics inside crowds, such as the
                      space requirement while passing through a bottleneck. The
                      system allows linking any body motion to characteristics
                      describing the situation of a person inside a crowd, such as
                      the density or movements of other participants nearby.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511) / Croma - Crowd
                      Management in Transport Infrastructures (BMBF-DB001534)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111 / G:(DE-Juel-1)BMBF-DB001534},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33802810},
      UT           = {WOS:000652727400001},
      doi          = {10.3390/s21062108},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891131},
}