TY - JOUR AU - Litnovsky, Andrey AU - Schmitz, Janina AU - Klein, Felix AU - De Lannoye, Karen AU - Weckauf, Sophie AU - Kreter, Arkadi AU - Rasinski, Marcin AU - Coenen, Jan W. AU - Linsmeier, Christian AU - Gonzalez-Julian, Jesus AU - Bram, Martin AU - Povstugar, Ivan AU - Morgan, Thomas AU - Nguyen-Manh, Duc AU - Gilbert, Mark AU - Sobieraj, Damian AU - Wróbel, Jan S. TI - Smart Tungsten-based Alloys for a First Wall of DEMO JO - Fusion engineering and design VL - 159 SN - 0920-3796 CY - New York, NY [u.a.] PB - Elsevier M1 - FZJ-2021-01484 SP - 111742 - PY - 2020 AB - During an accident with loss-of-coolant and air ingress in DEMO, the temperature of tungsten first wall cladding may exceed 1000 °C and remain for months leading to tungsten oxidation. The radioactive tungsten oxide can be mobilized to the environment at rates of 10–150 kg per hour. Smart tungsten-based alloys are under development to address this issue. Alloys are aimed to function as pure tungsten during regular plasma operation of DEMO. During an accident, alloying elements will create a protective layer, suppressing release of W oxide.Bulk smart alloys were developed by using mechanical alloying and field-assisted sintering technology. The mechanical alloying process was optimized leading to an increased powder production by at least 40 %. Smart alloys and tungsten were tested under a variety of DEMO-relevant plasma conditions. Both materials demonstrated similar sputtering resistance to deuterium plasma. Under accident conditions, alloys feature a 40-fold reduction of W release compared to that of pure tungsten. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000580835200012 DO - DOI:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111742 UR - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891395 ER -