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@ARTICLE{Kang:891612,
      author       = {Kang, Kyongok},
      title        = {{E}quilibrium phase diagram and thermal responses of
                      charged {DNA}-virus rod-suspensions at low ionic strengths},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01623},
      pages        = {3472},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The collective behavior of DNA is important for exploring
                      new types of bacteria in the means of detection, which is
                      greatly interested in the understanding of interactions
                      between DNAs in living systems. How they self-organize
                      themselves is a physical common phenomenon for broad ranges
                      of thermodynamic systems. In this work, the equilibrium
                      phase diagrams of charged chiral rods (fd viruses) at low
                      ionic strengths (below a few mM) are provided to demonstrate
                      both replicas of (or self-organized) twist orders and
                      replica symmetry breaking near high concentration
                      glass-states. By varying the ionic strengths, it appears
                      that a critical ionic strength is obtained below 1–2 mM
                      salt, where the twist and freezing of nematic domains
                      diverge. Also, the microscopic relaxation is revealed by the
                      ionic strength-dependent effective Debye screening length.
                      At a fixed low ionic strength, the local orientations of
                      twist are shown by two different length scales of optical
                      pitch, in the chiral-nematic N* phase and the helical
                      domains HD, for low and high concentration, respectively.
                      RSB occurs in several cases of crossing phase boundary lines
                      in the equilibrium phase diagram of DNA-rod concentration
                      and ionic strength, including long-time kinetic arrests in
                      the presence of twist orders. The different pathways of PATH
                      I, II and III are due to many-body effects of randomized
                      orientations for charged fd rods undergoing long-range
                      electrostatic interactions in bulk elastic medium. In
                      addition, the thermal stability are shown for chiral pitches
                      of the N* phase and the abnormal cooling process of a
                      specific heat in a structural glass. Here, the
                      concentration-driven twist-effects of charged DNA rods are
                      explored using various experimental methods involving
                      image-time correlation, microscopic dynamics in small angle
                      dynamic light scattering, optical activity in second
                      harmonic generation, and differential scanning calorimetry
                      for the glass state.},
      cin          = {IBI-4},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-4-20200312},
      pnm          = {524 - Molecular and Cellular Information Processing
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-524},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33568703},
      UT           = {WOS:000684767800002},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-82653-y},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891612},
}