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@ARTICLE{Engels:891668,
      author       = {Engels, J. and Houben, Anne and Linsmeier, Ch.},
      title        = {{H}ydrogen isotope permeation through yttria coatings on
                      {E}urofer in the diffusion limited regime},
      journal      = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
      volume       = {46},
      number       = {24},
      issn         = {0360-3199},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01654},
      pages        = {13142 - 13149},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {In fusion power plants a tritium permeation barrier is
                      required in order to prevent the loss of the fuel. Moreover,
                      the tritium permeation barrier is necessary to avoid that
                      the radioactive tritium accumulates in the first wall, the
                      cooling system, and other parts of the power plant. Oxide
                      thin films, e.g. Al2O3, Er2O3 and Y2O3, are promising
                      candidates as tritium permeation barrier layers. With regard
                      to the application, this is especially true for yttrium due
                      to its favorably short decay time after neutron activation
                      compared to the other candidates. The Y2O3 layers with
                      thicknesses from 100 nm to 500 nm are deposited on both
                      sides of Eurofer substrates by RF magnetron sputter
                      deposition. Some of the samples are additionally deposited
                      with palladium thin films to analyse the limited regime.
                      During the annealing in the experiments the palladium layers
                      do not show any crack formation or delamination, verified by
                      scanning electron microscopy. After annealing the cubic
                      crystal structure of the Y2O3 layers is verified by X-ray
                      diffraction. The cubic phase contains a small amount of a
                      monoclinic phase, which is eliminated after the permeation
                      measurements. The permeation reduction factors of the
                      samples are determined in gas-driven deuterium permeation
                      experiments. A permeation reduction of 5000 of the yttria
                      thin film is verified. The diffusion limited regime is
                      identified by the pressure dependence of the permeation
                      measurement and by permeation experiments with the palladium
                      top layers on the Y2O3 thin films. Furthermore, the
                      activation energy of the permeation through the yttria thin
                      films is determined. Pre-annealing times for more than 70 h
                      of the Y2O3 thin films and permeation measurements with
                      temperature cycles for 20 days are performed to show the
                      stability of the permeation flux and hence the
                      microstructure of the barrier layers. Measurement times at
                      each constant temperature level of more than 25 h are
                      required for the stabilization of each permeation flux to a
                      constant value. The permeation measurement setup is enhanced
                      to enable a continuously running equipment for these
                      measurement times.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000632376400003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.01.072},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891668},
}