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@ARTICLE{Zhang:891734,
      author       = {Zhang, Zheng and Peng, Peng and Eickhoff, Simon B. and Lin,
                      Xin and Zhang, Delong and Wang, Yingying},
      title        = {{N}eural substrates of the executive function construct,
                      age‐related changes, and task materials in adolescents and
                      adults: {ALE} meta‐analyses of 408 f{MRI} studies},
      journal      = {Developmental science},
      volume       = {24},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1467-7687},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-01704},
      pages        = {e13111},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {To explore the neural substrates of executive function
                      (EF), we conducted an activation likelihood estimation
                      meta-analysis of 408 functional magnetic resonance imaging
                      studies (9639 participants, 7587 activation foci, 518
                      experimental contrasts) covering three fundamental EF
                      subcomponents: inhibition, switching, and working memory.
                      Our results found that activation common to all three EF
                      subcomponents converged in the multiple-demand network
                      across adolescence and adulthood. The function of EF with
                      the multiple-demand network involved, especially for the
                      prefrontal cortex and the parietal regions, could not be
                      mature until adulthood. In adolescents, only working memory
                      could be separable from common EF, whereas in adults, the
                      three EF subcomponents could be separable from common EF.
                      However, findings of switching in adolescents should be
                      treated with substantial caution and may be exploratory due
                      to limited data available on switching tasks. For task
                      materials, inhibition and working memory showed both domain
                      generality and domain specificity, undergirded by the
                      multiple-demand network, as well as different brain regions
                      in response to verbal and nonverbal task materials,
                      respectively. In contrast, switching showed only domain
                      generality with no activation specialized for either verbal
                      or nonverbal task materials. These findings, taken together,
                      support and contribute to the unitary–diverse nature of EF
                      such that EF should be interpreted in an integrative model
                      that relies on the integration of the EF construct,
                      development, and task materials.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {300},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {525 - Decoding Brain Organization and Dysfunction
                      (POF4-525) / 89574 - Theory, modelling and simulation
                      (POF2-89574)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-525 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89574},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33817920},
      UT           = {WOS:000636595800001},
      doi          = {10.1111/desc.13111},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/891734},
}