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@ARTICLE{Yan:892938,
      author       = {Yan, Xiaolu and Konopka, Paul and Hauck, Marius and
                      Podglajen, Aurélien and Ploeger, Felix},
      title        = {{A}symmetry and pathways of inter-hemispheric transport in
                      the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-02439},
      pages        = {6627 - 6645},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Inter-hemispheric transport may strongly affect the trace
                      gas composition of the atmosphere, especially in relation to
                      anthropogenic emissions, which originate mainly in the
                      Northern Hemisphere. This study investigates the transport
                      from the boundary surface layer of the northern hemispheric
                      (NH) extratropics (30–90∘ N), southern hemispheric
                      (SH) extratropics (30–90∘ S), and tropics
                      (30∘ S–30∘ N) into the global upper troposphere
                      and lower stratosphere (UTLS) using simulations with the
                      Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). In
                      particular, we diagnose inter-hemispheric transport in terms
                      of the air mass fractions (AMFs), age spectra, and the mean
                      age of air (AoA) calculated for these three source regions.
                      We find that the AMFs from the NH extratropics to the UTLS
                      are about 5 times larger than the corresponding
                      contributions from the SH extratropics and almost 20 times
                      smaller than those from the tropics. The amplitude of the
                      AMF seasonal variability originating from the NH
                      extratropics is comparable to that from the tropics. The NH
                      and SH extratropical age spectra show much stronger
                      seasonality compared to the seasonality of the tropical age
                      spectra. The transit time of NH-extratropical-origin air to
                      the SH extratropics is longer than vice versa. The asymmetry
                      of the inter-hemispheric transport is mainly driven by the
                      Asian summer monsoon (ASM). We confirm the important role of
                      ASM and westerly ducts in the inter-hemispheric transport
                      from the NH extratropics to the SH. Furthermore, we find
                      that it is an interplay between the ASM and westerly ducts
                      which triggers such cross-Equator transport from boreal
                      summer to fall in the UTLS between 350 and 370 K.},
      cin          = {IEK-7 / JARA-HPC / NIC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$ /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)NIC-20090406},
      pnm          = {211 - Die Atmosphäre im globalen Wandel (POF4-211) / DFG
                      project 392169209 - Klimavariabilität in der oberen
                      Troposphäre und Stratosphäre über Asien und ihre
                      Darstellung in modernen Re-Analysen},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-211 / G:(GEPRIS)392169209},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000647352500003},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-21-6627-2021},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/892938},
}