000893213 001__ 893213
000893213 005__ 20220126162603.0
000893213 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148257
000893213 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0048-9697
000893213 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1879-1026
000893213 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/30140
000893213 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:112107150
000893213 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:34412378
000893213 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000686014900007
000893213 037__ $$aFZJ-2021-02630
000893213 082__ $$a610
000893213 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130483$$aSchreiber, Andrea$$b0$$eCorresponding author$$ufzj
000893213 245__ $$aLife Cycle Assessment studies of rare earths production - Findings from a systematic review
000893213 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2021
000893213 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle
000893213 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article
000893213 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1641986832_30122
000893213 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE
000893213 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE
000893213 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article
000893213 520__ $$aRare earth elements (REEs) are one of the most important elements used for transformation of the fossil era into a decarbonized future. REEs are essential for wind, electric and hybrid vehicles, and low-energy lighting. However, there is a general understanding that REEs come along with multiple environmental problems during their extraction and processing.Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established method for a holistic evaluation of environmental effects of a product system considering the entire life cycle. This paper reviews LCA studies for determining the environmental impacts of rare earth oxide (REO) production from Bayan Obo and ion adsorption clays (IAC) in China, and shows why some studies lead to over- and underestimated results.We found out that current LCA studies of REE production provide a good overall understanding of the underlying process chains, which are mainly located in China. However, life cycle inventories (LCI) appear often not complete. Several lack accuracy, consistency, or transparency. Hence, resulting environmental impacts are subject to great uncertainty. This applies in particular to radioactivity and the handling of wastewater and slurry in tailing ponds, which have often been neglected.This article reviews 35 studies to identify suitable LCAs for comparison. The assessment covers the world's largest REO production facility, located in Bayan Obo, as well as in-situ leaching of IACs in the Southern Provinces of China. A total of 12 studies are selected, 8 for Bayan Obo and IACs each. The LCIs of these studies are reviewed in detail. The effects of over- and underestimated LCIs on the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) are investigated. The partly controversial results of existing LCAs are analyzed thoroughly and discussed. Our results show that an increased consistency in LCA studies on REO production is needed.
000893213 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112$$a1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways (POF4-111)$$cPOF4-111$$fPOF IV$$x0
000893213 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, Journals: juser.fz-juelich.de
000893213 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130473$$aMarx, Josefine$$b1$$ufzj
000893213 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130493$$aZapp, Petra$$b2$$ufzj
000893213 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1498726-0$$a10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148257$$gVol. 791, p. 148257 -$$p148257 -$$tThe science of the total environment$$v791$$x0048-9697$$y2021
000893213 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893213/files/Post%20print.pdf$$yPublished on 2021-06-03. Available in OpenAccess from 2023-06-03.
000893213 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:893213$$pdnbdelivery$$pdriver$$pVDB$$popen_access$$popenaire
000893213 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130483$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b0$$kFZJ
000893213 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130473$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b1$$kFZJ
000893213 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130493$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b2$$kFZJ
000893213 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-111$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF4-110$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF4-100$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF4$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$9G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112$$aDE-HGF$$bForschungsbereich Energie$$lEnergiesystemdesign (ESD)$$vEnergiesystemtransformation$$x0
000893213 9130_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-150$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-100$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bEnergie$$lTechnologie, Innovation und Gesellschaft$$vAssessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of Energy Efficiency and Energy Security$$x0
000893213 9141_ $$y2021
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEssential Science Indicators$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1190$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBiological Abstracts$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBYNCND4$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0530$$2StatID$$aEmbargoed OpenAccess
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bSCI TOTAL ENVIRON : 2019$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bSCI TOTAL ENVIRON : 2019$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0113$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1060$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline$$d2021-01-28
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0420$$2StatID$$aNationallizenz$$d2021-01-28$$wger
000893213 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List$$d2021-01-28
000893213 920__ $$lyes
000893213 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013$$kIEK-STE$$lSystemforschung und Technologische Entwicklung$$x0
000893213 980__ $$ajournal
000893213 980__ $$aVDB
000893213 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED
000893213 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013
000893213 9801_ $$aFullTexts