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@ARTICLE{Votinov:893283,
      author       = {Votinov, Mikhail and Goerlich, Katharina S. and Puiu,
                      Andrei A. and Smith, Elke and Nickl-Jockschat, Thomas and
                      Derntl, Birgit and Habel, Ute},
      title        = {{B}rain structure changes associated with sexual
                      orientation},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-02673},
      pages        = {5078},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Biological sex differences in brain function and structure
                      are reliably associated with several cortico-subcortical
                      brain regions. While sexual orientation (hetero- versus
                      homosexuality) has been similarly linked to functional
                      differences in several phylogenetically-old brain areas, the
                      research on morphological brain phenotypes associated with
                      sexual orientation is far from conclusive. We examined
                      potential cerebral structural differences linked to sexual
                      orientation in a group of 74 participants, including 37 men
                      (21 homosexual) and 37 women (19 homosexual) using
                      voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Gray matter volumes (GMV)
                      were compared with respect to sexual orientation and
                      biological sex across the entire sample using full factorial
                      designs controlling for total intracranial volume, age,
                      handedness, and education. We observed a significant effect
                      of sexual orientation for the thalamus and precentral gyrus,
                      with more GMV in heterosexual versus homosexual individuals,
                      and for the putamen, with more GMV in homosexual + than
                      heterosexual individuals. We found significant interactions
                      between biological sex and sexual orientation, indicating
                      that the significant effect for the putamen cluster was
                      driven by homosexual women, whereas heterosexual women had
                      increased precentral gyrus GMV. Heterosexual men exhibited
                      more GMV in the thalamus than homosexual men. This study
                      shows that sexual orientation is reflected in brain
                      structure characteristics and that these differ between the
                      sexes. The results emphasize the need to include or control
                      for potential effects of participants’ sexual orientation
                      in neuroimaging studies. Furthermore, our findings provide
                      important new insights into the brain morphology underlying
                      sexual orientation and likely have important implications
                      for understanding brain functions and behavior.},
      cin          = {INM-10},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113},
      pnm          = {5252 - Brain Dysfunction and Plasticity (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5252},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33658542},
      UT           = {WOS:000626140100007},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-84496-z},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893283},
}