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@ARTICLE{Naous:893286,
      author       = {Naous, Rawan and Siemon, Anne and Schulten, Michael and
                      Alahmadi, Hamzah and Kindsmüller, Andreas and Lübben,
                      Michael and Waser, R. and Heittmann, Arne and Salama, Khaled
                      Nabil and Menzel, Stephan},
      title        = {{T}heory and experimental verification of configurable
                      computing with stochastic memristors},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-02676},
      pages        = {4218},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The inevitable variability within electronic devices causes
                      strict constraints on operation, reliability and scalability
                      of the circuit design. However, when a compromise arises
                      among the different performance metrics, area, time and
                      energy, variability then loosens the tight requirements and
                      allows for further savings in an alternative design scope.
                      To that end, unconventional computing approaches are revived
                      in the form of approximate computing, particularly tuned for
                      resource-constrained mobile computing. In this paper, a
                      proof-of-concept of the approximate computing paradigm using
                      memristors is demonstrated. Stochastic memristors are used
                      as the main building block of probabilistic logic gates. As
                      will be shown in this paper, the stochasticity of
                      memristors’ switching characteristics is tightly bound to
                      the supply voltage and hence to power consumption. By
                      scaling of the supply voltage to appropriate levels
                      stochasticity gets increased. In order to guide the design
                      process of approximate circuits based on memristors a
                      realistic device model needs to be elaborated with explicit
                      emphasis of the probabilistic switching behavior.
                      Theoretical formulation, probabilistic analysis, and
                      simulation of the underlying logic circuits and operations
                      are introduced. Moreover, the expected output behavior is
                      verified with the experimental measurements of valence
                      change memory cells. Hence, it is shown how the precision of
                      the output is varied for the sake of the attainable gains at
                      different levels of available design metrics. This approach
                      represents the first proposition along with physical
                      verification and mapping to real devices that combines
                      stochastic memristors into unconventional computing
                      approaches.},
      cin          = {PGI-7 / PGI-10 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-7-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-10-20170113 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {5234 - Emerging NC Architectures (POF4-523)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5234},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {33603012},
      UT           = {WOS:000621416400091},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-83382-y},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893286},
}