TY - JOUR AU - Zabelskii, Dmitrii AU - Dmitrieva, Natalia AU - Volkov, Oleksandr AU - Shevchenko, Vitaly AU - Kovalev, Kirill AU - Balandin, Taras AU - Soloviov, Dmytro AU - Astashkin, Roman AU - Zinovev, Egor AU - Alekseev, Alexey AU - Round, Ekaterina AU - Polovinkin, Vitaly AU - Chizhov, Igor AU - Rogachev, Andrey AU - Okhrimenko, Ivan AU - Borshchevskiy, Valentin AU - Chupin, Vladimir AU - Büldt, Georg AU - Yutin, Natalia AU - Bamberg, Ernst AU - Koonin, Eugene AU - Gordeliy, Valentin TI - Structure-based insights into evolution of rhodopsins JO - Communications biology VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 2399-3642 CY - London PB - Springer Nature M1 - FZJ-2021-02817 SP - 821 PY - 2021 AB - Rhodopsins, most of which are proton pumps generating transmembrane electrochemical proton gradients, span all three domains of life, are abundant in the biosphere, and could play a crucial role in the early evolution of life on earth. Whereas archaeal and bacterial proton pumps are among the best structurally characterized proteins, rhodopsins from unicellular eukaryotes have not been well characterized. To fill this gap in the current understanding of the proton pumps and to gain insight into the evolution of rhodopsins using a structure-based approach, we performed a structural and functional analysis of the light-driven proton pump LR (Mac) from the pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans. The first high-resolution structure of fungi rhodopsin and its functional properties reveal the striking similarity of its membrane part to archaeal but not to bacterial rhodopsins. We show that an unusually long N-terminal region stabilizes the protein through direct interaction with its extracellular loop (ECL2). We compare to our knowledge all available structures and sequences of outward light-driven proton pumps and show that eukaryotic and archaeal proton pumps, most likely, share a common ancestor. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - 34193947 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000671710700003 DO - DOI:10.1038/s42003-021-02326-4 UR - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893762 ER -