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@ARTICLE{Zhang:893789,
      author       = {Zhang, Zaiyong and Wang, Wenke and Gong, Chengcheng and
                      Zhao, Ming and Brunner, Philip and Hendricks-Franssen,
                      Harrie-Jan},
      title        = {{S}alix psammophila afforestations can cause a decline of
                      the water table, prevent groundwater recharge and reduce
                      effective infiltration},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {780},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-02828},
      pages        = {146336 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Afforestation can reduce desertification and soil erosion.
                      However, the hydrologic implications of afforestation are
                      not well investigated, especially in arid and semi-arid
                      regions. China has the largest area of afforestation in the
                      world, with one-third of the world's total plantation
                      forests. How the shrubs affect evapotranspiration, soil
                      moisture dynamics, and groundwater recharge remains unclear.
                      We designed two pairs of lysimeters, one being 1.2 m deep
                      and the other one 4.2 m deep. Each pair consists of one
                      lysimeter with bare soil, while on the other one a shrub is
                      planted. The different water table depths were implemented
                      to understand how depth to groundwater affects soil moisture
                      and water table dynamics under different hydrological
                      conditions. Soil moisture, water table depth, sap flow, and
                      rainfall were measured concurrently. Our study confirms that
                      for the current meteorological conditions in the Ordos
                      plateau recharge is reduced or even prohibited through the
                      large-scale plantation Salix psammophila. Shrubs also raise
                      the threshold of precipitation required to increase soil
                      moisture of the surface ground. For the conditions we
                      analyzed, a minimum of 6 mm of precipitation was required
                      for infiltration processes to commence. In addition to the
                      hydrological analysis, the density of root distribution is
                      assessed outside of the lysimeters for different water table
                      depths. The results suggest that the root-density
                      distribution is strongly affected by water table depth. Our
                      results have important implications for the determination of
                      the optimal shrub-density in future plantations, as well as
                      for the conceptualization of plant roots in upcoming
                      numerical models.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34030299},
      UT           = {WOS:000653088700009},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146336},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893789},
}