000893833 001__ 893833 000893833 005__ 20240610120427.0 000893833 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.044601 000893833 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a2475-9953 000893833 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a2476-0455 000893833 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/28084 000893833 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:103413950 000893833 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000655931600003 000893833 037__ $$aFZJ-2021-02872 000893833 041__ $$aEnglish 000893833 082__ $$a530 000893833 1001_ $$00000-0003-2792-9808$$aAriskina, Regina$$b0 000893833 245__ $$aInfluence of surface band bending on a narrow band gap semiconductor: Tunneling atomic force studies of graphite with Bernal and rhombohedral stacking orders 000893833 260__ $$aCollege Park, MD$$bAPS$$c2021 000893833 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000893833 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000893833 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1625908389_1584 000893833 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000893833 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000893833 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000893833 520__ $$aTunneling atomic force microscopy (TUNA) was used at ambient conditions to measure the current-voltage (I−V) characteristics at clean surfaces of highly oriented graphite samples with Bernal and rhombohedral stacking orders. The characteristic curves measured on Bernal-stacked graphite surfaces can be understood with an ordinary self-consistent semiconductor modeling and quantum mechanical tunneling current derivations. We show that the absence of a voltage region without measurable current in the I−V spectra is not a proof of the lack of an energy band gap. It can be induced by a surface band bending due to a finite contact potential between tip and sample surface. Taking this into account in the model, we succeed to obtain a quantitative agreement between simulated and measured tunnel spectra for band gaps (12...37) meV, in agreement with those extracted from the exponential temperature decrease of the longitudinal resistance measured in graphite samples with Bernal stacking order. In contrast, the surface of relatively thick graphite samples with rhombohedral stacking reveals the existence of a maximum in the first derivative dI/dV, a behavior compatible with the existence of a flat band. The characteristics of this maximum are comparable to those obtained at low temperatures with similar techniques. 000893833 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5353$$a5353 - Understanding the Structural and Functional Behavior of Solid State Systems (POF4-535)$$cPOF4-535$$fPOF IV$$x0 000893833 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, Journals: juser.fz-juelich.de 000893833 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)143949$$aSchnedler, Michael$$b1$$eCorresponding author 000893833 7001_ $$00000-0003-0649-1472$$aEsquinazi, Pablo D.$$b2 000893833 7001_ $$00000-0002-2354-8867$$aChampi, Ana$$b3 000893833 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aStiller, Markus$$b4 000893833 7001_ $$00000-0003-0912-0546$$aHergert, Wolfram$$b5 000893833 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)144121$$aDunin-Borkowski, R. 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