% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Gava:893854,
      author       = {Gava, Giuseppe and Eickhoff, Simon B. and Filler, Timm J.
                      and Mayer, Felix and Mahlke, Nina S. and Ritz-Timme,
                      Stefanie},
      title        = {{A}cute or chronic pulmonary emphysema? {O}r both?—{A}
                      contribution to the diagnosis of death due to violent
                      asphyxiation in cases with pre-existing chronic emphysema},
      journal      = {International journal of legal medicine},
      volume       = {136},
      issn         = {1437-1596},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-02878},
      pages        = {133–147},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {The diagnosis of death due to violent asphyxiation may be
                      challenging if external injuries are missing, and a typical
                      acute emphysema (AE) "disappears" in pre-existing chronic
                      emphysema (CE). Eighty-four autopsy cases were
                      systematically investigated to identify a (histo-)
                      morphological or immunohistochemical marker combination that
                      enables the diagnosis of violent asphyxiation in cases with
                      a pre-existing CE ("AE in CE"). The cases comprised four
                      diagnostic groups, namely "AE", "CE", "acute and chronic
                      emphysema (AE + CE)", and "no emphysema (NE)". Samples from
                      all pulmonary lobes were investigated by conventional
                      histological methods as well as with the immunohistochemical
                      markers Aquaporin 5 (AQP-5) and Surfactant protein A1
                      (SP-A). Particular attention was paid to alveolar septum
                      ends ("dead-ends") suspected as rupture spots, which were
                      additionally analyzed by transmission electron microscopy.
                      The findings in the four diagnostic groups were compared
                      using multivariate analysis and 1-way ANOVA analysis. All
                      morphological findings were found in all four groups. Based
                      on histological and macroscopic findings, a multivariate
                      analysis was able to predict the correct diagnosis "AE + CE"
                      with a probability of $50\%,$ and the diagnoses "AE" and
                      "CE" with a probability of $86\%$ each. Three types of
                      "dead-ends" could be differentiated. One type ("fringed
                      ends") was observed significantly more frequently in AE. The
                      immunohistochemical markers AQP-5 and SP-A did not show
                      significant differences among the examined groups. Though a
                      reliable identification of AE in CE could not be achieved
                      using the examined parameters, our findings suggest that
                      considering many different findings from the macroscopical,
                      histomorphological, and molecular level by multivariate
                      analysis is an approach that should be followed.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {5254 - Neuroscientific Data Analytics and AI (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5254},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34181078},
      UT           = {WOS:000667638300001},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00414-021-02619-7},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/893854},
}