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@ARTICLE{Lbke:894255,
      author       = {Lübke, Dana and Hartnagel, Paula and Angona, Johanna and
                      Kirchartz, Thomas},
      title        = {{C}omparing and {Q}uantifying {I}ndoor {P}erformance of
                      {O}rganic {S}olar {C}ells},
      journal      = {Advanced energy materials},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {34},
      issn         = {1614-6840},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03130},
      pages        = {2101474},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {We acknowledge funding for the project Enerscale from the
                      state Nordrhein-Westfalen and the European Union (via the
                      European Fonds for Regional Development). Furthermore, we
                      acknowlege funding from the Helmholtz Association.},
      abstract     = {With increasing efficiencies of non-fullerene
                      acceptor-based organic solar cells, thin-film technology is
                      becoming a promising candidate for indoor light harvesting
                      applications. However, the lack of standardized comparison
                      methods makes it difficult to quantify progress and to
                      compare indoor performance. Herein, a simple method to
                      calculate the efficiency of solar cells under any possible
                      light source and illuminance with only using simple standard
                      measurements (current–voltage curves and quantum
                      efficiency) is presented. Thereby, equal evaluation
                      conditions are ensured, so that indoor solar cells can be
                      ranked and compared according to their efficiency.
                      Efficiencies are shown to typically vary by $±20\%$ when
                      using different different light emitting diode spectra with
                      color temperatures ranging from 2700 to 6500 K. Calculations
                      based on a detailed balance model indicate that the optimal
                      bandgap of the absorber material depends on the used light
                      source and ranges between 1.75 and 2 eV. The approach is
                      validated by comparison with literature data and many
                      calculated efficiencies match well with experimental data
                      obtained with a specific light source. However, some
                      reported efficiencies cannot be reproduced with the model,
                      which highlights the need to reassess low light measuring
                      techniques. Furthermore, a script is provided for use by the
                      community.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {1215 - Simulations, Theory, Optics, and Analytics (STOA)
                      (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1215},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000675294100001},
      doi          = {10.1002/aenm.202101474},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894255},
}