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@PHDTHESIS{Dash:894401,
      author       = {Dash, Apurv},
      title        = {{P}rocessing and creep resistance of short {S}i{C} fiber
                      containing {T}i$_{3}${S}i{C}$_{2}$ {MAX} phase composites},
      volume       = {543},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03205},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-558-1},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe Energie
                      $\&$ Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {vii, 125 S.},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {Dissertation, RWTH Aachen, 2020},
      abstract     = {Alternative materials for high temperature applications
                      might offer a solution to higherefficiency and low fuel
                      consumption for jet engines. A possible candidate for such
                      materialis Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ which is a ceramic material
                      with unique combination of mechanical properties at high
                      temperature. Ceramics are brittle in nature and have a
                      typically low Weibull modulus as compared to metals. Hence,
                      monolithic ceramic parts cannot directly replace metal parts
                      due to the lack of reliability. Ceramic matrix composites
                      (CMCs) with bulk ceramic material as the matrix and a
                      ceramic fiber as the reinforcement offers the possibility to
                      have high strength at high temperature but present some
                      limitations like high costs and very few applications
                      despite the huge economical efforts in the last decade. The
                      complex processing routes followed for the fabrication of
                      CMC have limited the applications. The present work is about
                      the fabrication of a CMC with Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ as the
                      matrix and short SiC fiber as the reinforcement material.
                      Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ is a special ceramic material which is
                      machinable at room temperature and has a certain degree of
                      plasticity at high temperature(∼1200 °C). A novel molten
                      salt-based process was developed to synthesize high purity
                      Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ at a large scale (1kg/batch) in air. The
                      method involved mixing of elemental precursor with KBr salt
                      and high temperature treatment at 1250 °C to obtain the
                      desired Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ phase. Al was added to the
                      reaction mixture to enhance the purity of Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$.
                      The effect of different levels of Al addition on the
                      evolution of the Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ phase was studied. The
                      synthesis process itself was studied to understand the
                      barrier of oxidation to the oxidation prone materials. Apart
                      from Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$, a wide range of non-oxide
                      ceramicslike TiC, Ti$_{2}$AlC, Ti$_{3}$AlC$_{2}$,
                      Cr$_{2}$AlC, Ti$_{2}$AlN, MoAlB and many more were
                      synthesized for the proof of concept. Metals like titanium
                      were also sintered in dense and porous forms using the same
                      process in air. The method was referred to as Molten Salt
                      Shielded Synthesis/Sintering (MS$^{3}$). MS$^{3}$ process
                      resulted in a reduction of the synthesis temperature of
                      Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ along with other non-oxide ceramics.
                      MS$^{3}$ process can be carried out in air without the need
                      of expensive atmosphere-controlled furnaces. The dissolution
                      of salt after MS$^{3}$ process results in micro-metric
                      agglomerated powder which does not need to be milled unlike
                      conventional solid-state reactions. The synthesized
                      Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ powder was sintered in spark plasma
                      sintering (SPS) furnace at 1250 °C with a uniaxial pressure
                      of 80 MPa. Similarly, CMCs were also sintered in SPS by
                      following a powder metallurgical process to mix the
                      reinforcement with the synthesized Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ powder.
                      The reinforcement of Ti$_{3}$SiC$_{2}$ was done in
                      macroscale and microscale. The macroscale reinforcement was
                      done by adding 10 and 20 vol.\% chopped polycrystalline SiC
                      fibers (1 mm) whereas the microscale reinforcement was done
                      by adding 10and 20 vol.\% of single crystalline SiC
                      whiskers.[...]},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {1241 - Gas turbines (POF4-124)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1241},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894401},
}