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@ARTICLE{Sun:894704,
      author       = {Sun, Hao and Zheng, Congcong and Chen, Taiping and Postma,
                      Johannes Auke and Gao, Yingzhi},
      title        = {{M}otherly care: {H}ow {L}eymus chinensis ramets support
                      their offspring exposed to saline-alkali and clipping
                      stresses},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {801},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03359},
      pages        = {149675 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {BackgroundWhile clonal integration can improve the
                      performance of rhizomatous plants, it remains unclear
                      whether their clonal integration strategy changes under
                      contrasting clipping and saline-alkali homogeneous and
                      heterogeneous environments. Leymus chinensis is a clonal
                      grass native to the Songnen grassland where heavy grazing
                      and patchy saline-alkali stress are serious environmental
                      and ecological problems. We hypothesized that L. chinensis
                      overcomes these stresses through clonal integration, in
                      particular the transfer of nitrogen and
                      carbohydrates.MethodsA pot experiment was carried out with
                      15N isotope soil labeling method to study clonal integration
                      strategy in the connected mother and daughter ramets of L.
                      chinensis. The connected ramet pairs were grown in
                      homogeneous (both connected ramets were treated) and
                      heterogeneous (only daughter ramets were treated)
                      environments with four treatments: control, clipping $(60\%$
                      aboveground biomass removal), saline-alkali (3.45 g of NaCl,
                      NaHCO3, and Na2CO3 per pot), and clipping ×
                      saline-alkali.ResultsA significant amount $(22.5\%)$ of 15N
                      was transferred from mother to daughter ramets under
                      non-stressed conditions. When homogeneously stressing both
                      mother and daughter ramets, N transfer was significantly
                      reduced to $8.5‐–14.6\%,$ independent of the nature of
                      the stress. When only daughters were stressed (heterogeneous
                      stress), saline-alkali stress led to a division of labor
                      where daughters had enhanced photosynthesis, and mother
                      ramets had increased 15N uptake and growth. Clipping only
                      daughters reduced biomass and 15N uptake of both daughter
                      and mother ramets.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that
                      clonal integration also occurs in homogeneous favorable
                      environments but is reduced under homogeneous stress. In
                      heterogeneous environments, clonal integration is used to
                      translocate resource after clipping and a division of labor
                      is established to overcome saline-alkali stress. Clonal
                      integration continued even when daughters were severely
                      stressed by the combined treatments. Our findings suggest
                      that these mechanisms are key to the success of L. chinensis
                      in the Songnen grassland.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34438137},
      UT           = {WOS:000701899300018},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149675},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894704},
}