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@ARTICLE{Kirschner:894706,
      author       = {Kirschner, Gwendolyn K. and Rosignoli, Serena and Guo, Li
                      and Vardanega, Isaia and Imani, Jafargholi and Altmüller,
                      Janine and Milner, Sara G. and Balzano, Raffaella and Nagel,
                      Kerstin A. and Pflugfelder, Daniel and Forestan, Cristian
                      and Bovina, Riccardo and Koller, Robert and Stöcker, Tyll
                      G. and Mascher, Martin and Simmonds, James and Uauy,
                      Cristobal and Schoof, Heiko and Tuberosa, Roberto and Salvi,
                      Silvio and Hochholdinger, Frank},
      title        = {{ENHANCED} {GRAVITROPISM} 2 encodes a {STERILE} {ALPHA}
                      {MOTIF}–containing protein that controls root growth angle
                      in barley and wheat},
      journal      = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                      United States of America},
      volume       = {118},
      number       = {35},
      issn         = {1091-6490},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {National Acad. of Sciences},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03361},
      pages        = {e2101526118 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The root growth angle defines how roots grow toward the
                      gravity vector and is among the most important determinants
                      of root system architecture. It controls water uptake
                      capacity, nutrient use efficiency, stress resilience, and,
                      as a consequence, yield of crop plants. We demonstrated that
                      the egt2 (enhanced gravitropism 2) mutant of barley exhibits
                      steeper root growth of seminal and lateral roots and an
                      auxin-independent higher responsiveness to gravity compared
                      to wild-type plants. We cloned the EGT2 gene by a
                      combination of bulked-segregant analysis and whole genome
                      sequencing. Subsequent validation experiments by an
                      independent CRISPR/Cas9 mutant allele demonstrated that egt2
                      encodes a STERILE ALPHA MOTIF domain–containing protein.
                      In situ hybridization experiments illustrated that EGT2 is
                      expressed from the root cap to the elongation zone. We
                      demonstrated the evolutionary conserved role of EGT2 in root
                      growth angle control between barley and wheat by knocking
                      out the EGT2 orthologs in the A and B genomes of tetraploid
                      durum wheat. By combining laser capture microdissection with
                      RNA sequencing, we observed that seven expansin genes were
                      transcriptionally down-regulated in the elongation zone.
                      This is consistent with a role of EGT2 in this region of the
                      root where the effect of gravity sensing is executed by
                      differential cell elongation. Our findings suggest that EGT2
                      is an evolutionary conserved regulator of root growth angle
                      in barley and wheat that could be a valuable target for
                      root-based crop improvement strategies in cereals},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34446550},
      UT           = {WOS:000691662100011},
      doi          = {10.1073/pnas.2101526118},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894706},
}