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@ARTICLE{Pourshahidi:894766,
      author       = {Pourshahidi, Ali Mohammad and Achtsnicht, Stefan and
                      Nambipareechee, Mrinal Murali and Offenhäusser, Andreas and
                      Krause, Hans-Joachim},
      title        = {{M}ultiplex {D}etection of {M}agnetic {B}eads {U}sing
                      {O}ffset {F}ield {D}ependent {F}requency {M}ixing {M}agnetic
                      {D}etection},
      journal      = {Sensors},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {17},
      issn         = {1424-8220},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03380},
      pages        = {5859 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Magnetic immunoassays employing Frequency Mixing Magnetic
                      Detection (FMMD) have recently become increasingly popular
                      for quantitative detection of various analytes. Simultaneous
                      analysis of a sample for two or more targets is desirable in
                      order to reduce the sample amount, save consumables, and
                      save time. We show that different types of magnetic beads
                      can be distinguished according to their frequency mixing
                      response to a two-frequency magnetic excitation at different
                      static magnetic offset fields. We recorded the offset field
                      dependent FMMD response of two different particle types at
                      frequencies f1 + n×f2, n = 1, 2, 3, 4 with f1 = 30.8 kHz
                      and f2 = 63 Hz. Their signals were clearly distinguishable
                      by the locations of the extremes and zeros of their
                      responses. Binary mixtures of the two particle types were
                      prepared with different mixing ratios. The mixture samples
                      wereanalyzed by determining the best linear combination of
                      the two pure constituents that best resembled the measured
                      signals of the mixtures. Using a quadratic programming
                      algorithm, the mixing ratioscould be determined with an
                      accuracy of greater than $14\%.$ If each particle type is
                      functionalized with a different antibody, multiplex
                      detection of two different analytes becomes feasible.},
      cin          = {IBI-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-3-20200312},
      pnm          = {5241 - Molecular Information Processing in Cellular Systems
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5241},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34502749},
      UT           = {WOS:000694526400001},
      doi          = {10.3390/s21175859},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894766},
}