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@ARTICLE{Heinrichs:894886,
      author       = {Heinrichs, H. U. and Mourao, Z. and Venghaus, S. and
                      Konadu, D. and Gillessen, Bastian and Vögele, S. and
                      Linssen, J. and Allwood, J. and Kuckshinrichs, W. and
                      Robinius, M. and Stolten, D.},
      title        = {{A}nalysing the water and land system impacts of
                      {G}ermany's future energy system},
      journal      = {Renewable $\&$ sustainable energy reviews},
      volume       = {150},
      issn         = {1364-0321},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03452},
      pages        = {111469 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {While it is generally accepted that our fossil
                      fuel-dominated energy systems must undergo a sustainable
                      transition, researchers have often neglected the potential
                      impacts of this on water and land systems. However, if
                      unintended environmental impacts from this process are to be
                      avoided, understanding its implications for land use and
                      water demand is of crucial importance. Moreover, developed
                      countries may induce environmental stress beyond their own
                      borders, for instance through extensive imports of
                      bioenergy. In this paper, Germany serves as an example of a
                      developed country with ambitious energy transformation
                      targets. Results show that in particular, the
                      politically-driven aspiration for more organic farming in
                      Germany results in a higher import quota of biomass,
                      especially biofuels. These imports translate into land
                      demand, which will exceed the area available in Germany for
                      bioenergy by a factor of 3–6.5 by 2050. As this will
                      likely bring about land stress in the respective exporting
                      countries, this effect of the German energy transformation
                      ought to be limited as much as possible. In contrast,
                      domestic water demand for the German energy system is
                      expected to decrease by over $80\%$ through 2050 due to
                      declining numbers of fossil-fuelled power plants. However,
                      possible future irrigation needs for bioenergy may reduce or
                      even counterbalance this decreasing effect. In addition,
                      energy policy targets specific to the transport sector show
                      a high sensitivity to biomass imports. In particular, the
                      sector-specific target for greenhouse gas reductions will
                      seemingly promote biomass imports, leading to the
                      above-described challenges in the pursuit of
                      sustainability.},
      cin          = {IEK-3 / IEK-STE},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {1111 - Effective System Transformation Pathways (POF4-111)
                      / 1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways
                      (POF4-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1111 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000698443000003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.rser.2021.111469},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/894886},
}