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@ARTICLE{Schaefer:895008,
      author       = {Schaefer, Felix and Egger, Sebastian and Steiner, Dietmar
                      and Eichel, Rüdiger-A.},
      title        = {{O}nline characterization of operational parameters in an
                      {SOFC} system with anode‐exhaust gas recirculation by
                      oxygen sensors},
      journal      = {Fuel cells},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1615-6854},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03528},
      pages        = {453-466},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {In solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system with anode-exhaust
                      gas recirculation (AEGR), a part of the depleted
                      anode-exhaust gas is recirculated and mixed with fresh
                      natural gas prior to entering the reformer, resulting in a
                      high potential of direct current-efficiencies of up to
                      $65\%.$ However, for SOFC systems, it is of crucial
                      importance to monitor relevant characteristic parameters and
                      keep them within safe and durable operating limits. Such
                      characteristic parameters are oxygen-to-carbon-ratio and
                      fuel utilization, which must not exceed system-specific
                      thresholds. Monitoring and control of these characteristic
                      parameters is not trivial and a challenging task due to the
                      enhanced system complexity. The authors present an approach
                      and studies for determination and controlling characteristic
                      parameters in an SOFC system with AEGR based on oxygen
                      sensors. Therefore, the oxygen sensors, being a mature and
                      easily available technology, are aimed to be in the fuel gas
                      path at anode inlet and outlet of an SOFC-stack. Analytical
                      correlations of the output value of oxygen sensors to
                      characteristic parameters and simulative studies on the
                      basis of a reference natural gas composition are shown.
                      Additionally, first results of experimental studies of
                      oxygen sensors in representative gas compositions for the
                      anode inlet and outlet of an SOFC system with AEGR are
                      presented.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {1232 - Power-based Fuels and Chemicals (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1232},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000696171800001},
      doi          = {10.1002/fuce.202100034},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/895008},
}