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@ARTICLE{Frimpong:901827,
      author       = {Frimpong, Felix and Anokye, Michael and Windt, Carel W and
                      Naz, Ali A. and Frei, Michael and Dusschoten, Dagmar van and
                      Fiorani, Fabio},
      title        = {{P}roline mediated drought tolerance in the barley
                      ({H}ordeum vulgare {L}.)isogenic line is associated with
                      lateral root growth at the earlyseedlings stage},
      journal      = {Plants},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {2223-7747},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-03850},
      pages        = {2177 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {A vigorous root system in barley promotes water uptake from
                      the soil under water-limited conditions. We investigated
                      three spring barley genotypes with varying water stress
                      responses using rhizoboxes at the seedling stage. The
                      genotypes comprised two elite German cultivars, Barke and
                      Scarlett, and a near-isogenic line, NIL 143. The isogenic
                      line harbors the wild allele pyrroline-5-carboxylate
                      synthase1-P5cs1. Root growth in rhizoboxes under reduced
                      water availability conditions caused a significant reduction
                      in total root length, rooting depth, root maximum width, and
                      root length density. On average, root growth was reduced by
                      more than $20\%$ due to water stress. Differences in organ
                      proline concentrations were observed for all genotypes, with
                      shoots grown under water stress exhibiting at least a $30\%$
                      higher concentration than the roots. Drought induced higher
                      leaf and root proline concentrations in NIL 143 compared
                      with any of the other genotypes. Under reduced water
                      availability conditions, NIL 143 showed less severe symptoms
                      of drought, higher lateral root length, rooting depth,
                      maximum root width, root length density, and convex hull
                      area compared with Barke and Scarlett. Within the same
                      comparison, under water stress, NIL 143 had a higher
                      proportion of lateral roots $(+30\%),$ which were also
                      placed at deeper substrate horizons. NIL 143 had a less
                      negative plant water potential and higher relative leaf
                      water content and stomatal conductance compared with the
                      other genotypes under water stress. Under these conditions,
                      this genotype also maintained an enhanced net photosynthetic
                      rate and exhibited considerable fine root growth (diameter
                      class 0.05-0.35 mm). These results show that water stress
                      induces increased shoot and root proline accumulation in the
                      NIL 143 barley genotype at the seedling stage and that this
                      effect is associated with increased lateral root growth.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {580},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34685984},
      UT           = {WOS:000815313500001},
      doi          = {10.3390/plants10102177},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/901827},
}