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@ARTICLE{Wojciechowski:902053,
      author       = {Wojciechowski, Kamil and Jurek, Ilona and Góral, Ilona and
                      Campana, Mario and Geue, Thomas and Gutberlet, Thomas},
      title        = {{S}urface-active extracts from plants rich in saponins –
                      effect on lipid mono- and bilayers},
      journal      = {Surfaces and Interfaces},
      volume       = {27},
      issn         = {2468-0230},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04001},
      pages        = {101486 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The aqueous extracts of the seeds of oat (Avena sativa L.),
                      horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), soybean (Glycine
                      max L.), cowherb (Vaccaria hispanica [P. Mill.] Rauschert)
                      and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), and the roots of
                      soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.) without any
                      preservatives were characterized in terms of theirsurface
                      tension, surface compression (dilational) rheology,
                      foamability and foam stability. The saponin content in the
                      extracts was determined using UPLC-MS and their interaction
                      with model lipid monolayers consisting of
                      dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/cholesterol and
                      Ceramide AP/stearic acid/cholesterol were analyzed by
                      surface pressure relaxation, surface compression elasticity
                      and neutron reflectometry (NR). The lipid composition was
                      chosen to mimic the cell membrane of keratinocytes – major
                      constituents of the human deeper skin layers, and the
                      intercellular lipids (“mortar”) in the “bricks and
                      mortar” model of the outermost layer of the epidermis
                      (stratum corneum). Bilayers of DPPC/cholesterol were
                      additionally characterized using dynamic light scattering
                      (DLS) and NR. The oat and soybean extracts were shown to be
                      much less abundant in saponins as compared to cowherb, horse
                      chestnut, soapwort or quinoa, and showed limited foaming
                      abilities. They did not affect significantly the model lipid
                      mono- and bilayers mimicking the skin outer layers, either.
                      The horse chestnut extract affected both model membranes to
                      the highest extent, yet without solubilizing the lipids.},
      cin          = {JCNS-2 / PGI-4 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-2-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-4-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632) / 6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron
                      Research (JCNS) (FZJ) (POF4-6G4)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G4},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000711758500003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101486},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902053},
}