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@ARTICLE{Nussbaumer:902374,
      author       = {Nussbaumer, Clara M. and Crowley, John N. and Schuladen,
                      Jan and Williams, Jonathan and Hafermann, Sascha and Reiffs,
                      Andreas and Axinte, Raoul and Harder, Hartwig and Ernest,
                      Cheryl and Novelli, Anna and Sala, Katrin and Martinez,
                      Monica and Mallik, Chinmay and Tomsche, Laura and
                      Plass-Dülmer, Christian and Bohn, Birger and Lelieveld, Jos
                      and Fischer, Horst},
      title        = {{M}easurement report: {P}hotochemical production and loss
                      rates of formaldehyde and ozone across {E}urope},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04208},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Abstract. Various atmospheric sources and sinks regulate
                      the abundance of tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) which is
                      an important trace gas impacting the HOx (≡ HO2 + OH)
                      budget and the concentration of ozone (O3). In this study,
                      we present the formation and destruction terms of ambient
                      HCHO and O3 calculated from in-situ observations of various
                      atmospheric trace gases measured at three different sites
                      across Europe during summer time. These include a coastal
                      site in Cyprus in the scope of the Cyprus Photochemistry
                      Experiment (CYPHEX) in 2014, a mountain site in Southern
                      Germany as part of the Hohenpeißenberg Photochemistry
                      Experiment (HOPE) in 2012 and a forested site in Finland
                      where measurements were performed during the Hyytiälä
                      United Measurements of Photochemistry and Particles (HUMPPA)
                      campaign in 2010. We show that at all three sites
                      formaldehyde production from the OH oxidation of methane
                      (CH4), acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), isoprene (C5H8) and methanol
                      (CH3OH) can almost completely balance the observed loss via
                      photolysis, OH oxidation and dry deposition. Ozone chemistry
                      is clearly controlled by nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2)
                      that includes O3 production from NO2 photolysis and O3 loss
                      via the reaction with NO. Finally, we use the HCHO budget
                      calculations to determine whether net ozone production is
                      limited by the availability of VOCs (VOC limited regime) or
                      NOx (NOx limited regime). At the mountain site in Germany O3
                      production is VOC limited, whereas it is NOx limited at the
                      coastal site in Cyprus. The forested site in Finland is in
                      the transition regime.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-2021-694},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902374},
}