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@ARTICLE{Lloyd:902388,
      author       = {Lloyd, Gary and Gallagher, Martin and Choularton, Thomas
                      and Krämer, Martina and Petzold, Andreas and Baumgardner,
                      Darrel},
      title        = {{I}n {S}itu {M}easurements of {C}irrus {C}louds on a
                      {G}lobal {S}cale},
      journal      = {Atmosphere},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2073-4433},
      address      = {Basel, Switzerland},
      publisher    = {MDPI AG},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04222},
      pages        = {41 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Observations of high-altitude cirrus clouds are reported
                      from measurements made during the routine monitoring of
                      cloud properties on commercial aircraft as part of the
                      In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System. The
                      increasing global scale of the measurements is revealed,
                      with 7 years of in situ data producing a unique and rapidly
                      growing dataset. We find that cloud fractions measured ≥
                      10 km at aircraft cruise altitude are representative of
                      seasonal trends associated with the mid-latitude jet stream
                      in the Northern Hemisphere, and the relatively higher cloud
                      fractions are found in tropical regions such as the
                      Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone and South East Asia. Both
                      stratospheric and tropospheric data were used to calculate
                      the cloud fractions routinely experienced by commercial
                      aircraft. Further work is needed for a direct comparison
                      with previous studies that limit cloud fraction calculations
                      to tropospheric data only. The characteristics of these
                      clouds are discussed and the potential different formation
                      mechanisms in different regions assessed},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000609739700001},
      doi          = {10.3390/atmos12010041},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902388},
}